Term
True or False:
Lactated Ringer's, Injection (USP) or other electrolyte solutions containing calcium should NEVER be added to or administered concurrently with blood or components collected in an anticoagulant containing citrate |
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Definition
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Term
| Blood and components must be inspected immediately prior to use. If upon visual inspection the container is not intact or the appearance is abnormal,do you use the blood? |
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Definition
| No, it must NOT be used for transfusion |
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Term
| What must the request form from the patient's floor have on it at minimum (3-4)? |
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Definition
| First and last name of patient, identification number, and the physician name |
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Term
True or False:
Incomplete or illegible requests should NOT be accepted |
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Definition
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Term
| What must the request form provide to ensure that the patient receives the right specimen (2)? |
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Definition
What product is required
Date of transfusion |
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Term
| Though verbal or phone orders are acceptable, the orders must be back up later with what? |
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Definition
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Term
| If a patient has had pregnancy or transfusion within the last three months, the sample must be obtained within how many days of the scheduled transfusion to assure current immunologic status? |
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Definition
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Term
| Benefit of Serum over Plasma? |
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Definition
| Serum does not contain fibrin strands which can be confused for agglutination |
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Term
| Some labs add a drop of what to accelerate clotting? |
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Definition
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Term
| Benefit of EDTA Plasma over Plasma? |
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Definition
| EDTA Plasma will not contain complement as calcium is needed for its activation |
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Term
True or False:
Some ABYs require C' to be detected, such as Jk^a |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of component should you use in order to have C' available? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why should you avoid hemolyzed samples? |
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Definition
| May interfere with the detection of hemolysis from AGN/ABY reaction |
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Term
| What must the tube that is labeled at the bedside contain at minimum? |
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Definition
Name
ID #
Date
ID of phlebotomist |
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Term
| If the information on the tube does NOT match the requisition, what must happen? |
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Definition
| The discrepancy must be resolved before continuing |
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Term
| Tubes must be kept at refrigeration for a minimum of how many days in order to make there are no delayed transfusion reactions? |
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Definition
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Term
| How often should you collect a new sample from a patient? |
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Definition
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Term
True or False:
Patient records must be reviewed and documented |
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Definition
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Term
| What should you look for when reviewing a patient's record? |
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Definition
Blood type
Previous ABYs
Transfusion Reactions
Typing discrepancies |
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Term
| If a patient had an ABY before, what type of units must you give them now? |
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Definition
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Term
| ABY testing must be performed at what temperatures? |
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Definition
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Term
| You must add check cells to what kind of tubes? |
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Definition
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Term
| When trying to rule out AGNs, you want to use screening cells which have most of the AGNs in what form? |
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Definition
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Term
| ABY testing can be performed prior to and concurrently with what? |
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Definition
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Term
True or False:
If you use anti-IgG AHG, be sure to use screening cells that are homozygous for Kidd |
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Definition
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Term
| Why should you use screening cells that are homozygous for Kidd if you use anti-IgG AHG? |
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Definition
| Kidd might only show up with C' |
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Term
| If the IAT is performed correctly and is Negative, what is the percent chance that the crossmatch will be compatible? |
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Definition
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Term
| When selecting blood to give to a patient what needs to be specific if possible? |
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Definition
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Term
| If the blood is not specific, what type of blood should be given? |
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Definition
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Term
What is the acceptable Donor Cells for the following Patient's Blood:
A |
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Definition
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Term
What is the acceptable Donor Cells for the following Patient's Blood:
B |
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Definition
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Term
What is the acceptable Donor Cells for the following Patient's Blood:
AB |
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Definition
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Term
What is the acceptable Donor Cells for the following Patient's Blood:
O |
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Definition
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Term
What is the acceptable Plasma type for the following Patient's Blood:
A |
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Definition
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Term
What is the acceptable Plasma type for the following Patient's Blood:
B |
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Definition
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Term
What is the acceptable Plasma type for the following Patient's Blood:
AB |
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Definition
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Term
What is the acceptable Plasma type for the following Patient's Blood:
O |
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Definition
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Term
What is the acceptable Rh type for the following Patient Rh:
Rh+ |
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Definition
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Term
What is the acceptable Rh type for the following Patient Rh:
Rh = Weak D = |
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Definition
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Term
What is the acceptable Rh type for the following Patient Rh:
Weak D + |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Mix DONOR RBC with PATIENT SERUM |
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Term
True or False:
The major crossmatch may detect ABY in patient's serum that was not detected by the IAT due to ABY against a low incidence AGN not on screening cells |
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Definition
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Term
True or False:
Major crossmatch will not always show agglutination even if patient IAT was positive |
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Definition
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Term
| Why will the Major crossmatch not always show agglutination even if patient IAT was positive? |
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Definition
| The unit could lack the AGN |
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Term
| What temperature is sufficient ONLY if the IAT is NEGATIVE AND the patient has NO history of previous significant ABY? |
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Definition
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Term
| If IAT is POSITIVE or there is a history of ABY, incubate at what temperature and test through what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of units do you give to a patient even if the crossmatch is now Compatible? |
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Definition
| AGN Negative Units for those with ABYs |
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Term
| What will the Major Crossmatch NOT detect or prevent? |
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Definition
ALL unexpected ABYs
Anamnestic Reactions
Rh errors
ALL ABO errors |
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Term
|
Definition
| PATIENT CELLS with DONOR SERUM |
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Term
True or False:
Major Crossmatch is no longer performed since ABY screen is performed on donors |
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Definition
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Term
True or False:
Minor Crossmatch is no longer performed since ABY screen is performed on donors |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the criteria to use Computer Crossmatch in place of RT/IS? |
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Definition
*Use only when ABO compatibility is required
*2 Independent ABOs on the patient
*CPU contains donor information |
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Term
| Computer Crossmatch must be able to alert user to what? |
|
Definition
discrepancies between donor and labeling
Confirmation of type and to ABO incompatibilities between donor and recipient |
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Term
| What are the 2 examples for 2 Independent ABOs on a patient? |
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Definition
*1 on current sample and 1 by testing same sample by different technician
*1 on current sample and comparison with previous records |
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Term
| What 7 things are needed on the label on blood unit? |
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Definition
Donor ID
ABO
Rh
Results of crossmatch
Initials of Tech
Date of Testing
Expirations of component |
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Term
| Issuing blood to nursing staff is an elaborate system to check and double check all information to prevent what? |
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Definition
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Term
| All information is checked where against the requisition? |
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Definition
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Term
| All information is checked again at patient bedside by whom? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
*Weak subgroups with or without an Anti-A1
*Acquired AGNs
*Nonspecific agglutination
*Mixed cell populations
*Disease states
*Immunosuppression
*Old Age |
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Term
| What do you use to determine if there are weak subgroups with or without an Anti-A1 |
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Definition
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Term
| What do you need to help determine if a patient has acquired AGNs? |
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Definition
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Term
| If Everything agglutinates what do you do? |
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Definition
| Wash in large amounts of saline |
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Term
| What is one cause of everything agglutinating? |
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Definition
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Term
| What can cause Mixed cell populations? |
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Definition
| Previous transfusion with different blood group |
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Term
The following are 3 examples of what?
A group given O
Chimera
BMT |
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Definition
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Term
| What do disease states weaken? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What are 2 things that can weaken ABYs? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What are 5 Causes for Incompatible crossmatches |
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Definition
Rouleaux
Technical Problems
Typing Problems
Alloantibodies
Autoantibodies |
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Term
| How do you detect Alloantibodies? |
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Definition
| IAT and/or previous records |
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Term
| IgM, IgG, or undetermined specificity are 3 causes or types of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| If a patient has autoantibodies what will be positive in the donor? |
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Definition
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Term
The following are what type of ABYs?
I, i, H, or IH |
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Definition
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Term
| Name 6 examples of technical problems |
|
Definition
Dirty glassware
Bacterial contamination
Fibrin
Contamination of saline
Spinning
RBC suspension |
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Term
| If a patient has chosen autologous blood what must you confirm? |
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Definition
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Term
| If a patient has chosen autologous blood what is optional to confirm? |
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Definition
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Term
| For Intrauterine what must the blood be (4)? |
|
Definition
Less than 5-7 days old
O Negative
Irradiated
CMV Negative |
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Term
True or False:
Under certain special circumstances you can type and screen instead of crossmatch because the crossmatch will be performed prior to issuing the blood later |
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Definition
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Term
Explain the following:
+ IAT
= Auto
+ Major |
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Definition
| Recipient has Allo that is also on donor cells |
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Term
Explain the following:
= IAT
= Auto
+ Major |
|
Definition
If RT, check ABOo
If AHG check donor DAT or low incidence ABY in patient |
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Term
Explain the following:
+ IAT
+ Auto
+ Major |
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Definition
Auto or an Allo reacting with previously transfused cells
Rouleaux |
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|
Term
Explain the following:
Anti-A =
Anti-B =
A1C =
BC +
A2C =
IAT = |
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Definition
|
|
Term
Explain the following:
Anti-A +
Anti-B +
A1C +
BC +
A2C NT
IAT = |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Explain the following:
Anti-A 4+
Anti-B +
A1C =
BC +
A2C NT
IAT = |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Explain the following:
Anti-A =
Anti-B 4+
A1C =
BC =
A2C =
IAT = |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Explain the following:
Major =
Minor =
IAT +
DAT = |
|
Definition
| Units lack AGN of patient |
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|
Term
Explain the following:
Major =
Minor +
IAT =
DAT + |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Explain the following:
Major +
Minor =
IAT =
DAT = |
|
Definition
| Rare ABY or Donor with + DAT |
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