what panel contains

RBC, WBC, Platelets, Hbg, Hct

CBC

complete blood count

F- 4.2 - 5.4 million/uL

M- 4.7 - 6.1 million/uL

normal lab value for _______

RBC's

the major carriers of Hmg in the blood

5,000 - 10,000

Normal value for ______

WBC's

destroy organisms in the body

150,000 - 400,000

normal values of ________

platelets (thrombocytes)

important for clot formation

Hbg 

F- 12 - 16

M- 14 - 18 

Normal values for _____

what is 3 times the value of RBC 

(figuring normal values of labs)

F -  37% - 47% 

M - 42% - 52% 

Normal values for ______

what is important for normal fetal development and needed to make RBC's, WBC's and Platelets

Normal growth

s/s of aplastic anemia

name 7

1. fatigue
2. weakness
3. pallor
4. dyspnea
5. ↓ RBC
6. ↓ platelets: petechiae or echymosis
7. ↓ WBC: infection 

Risk factors for Iron Deficency

name 4

1. Chronic blood loss, GI bleed most common
2. poor GI absorption of iron
3. inadequate diet
4. women during their periods

s/s: Iron Deficiency Anemia

name 7

1. Weakness
2. Fatigue
3. pallor/pale
4. SOB, on exertion 
5. sore red tongue
6. Spoon Shaped Nails
7. Pica - unusual craving for clay or starch

Risk Factors for Pernicious Anemia

Name 3

1. Resection of stomach or ileum
2. Chron's disease (D 20x/day)
3. vegans or vegetarians

1. sore beefy red tongue
2. numbness or tingling in the extremities (paresthesias)
3. problems with proprioception 
4. jaundice

Shillings Test - measures the absorption of radioactive B12 as it is excreted in urine

• IM - Z track method
• Oral - mix with OJ, give with straw to prevent staining of teeth

People with Mediterranean ancestry is most at risk for what type of anemia?

________ is an inherited disorder where the alpha or beta chains are missing in Hbg

s/s of sickle cell anemia

name 3

1. Pallor
2. Fever
3. INTENSE PAIN

TX: for sickle cell anemia

name 4

1. Oxygen
2. Narcotic analgesic
3. Rest
4. IV hydration 

NC: for sickle cell anemia

name 3

1. treat PAIN - priority of care
2. Administer oxygen
3. ↑ Oral and IV fluids to ↓ clumping

NC: for Bone Marrow Biopsy

name 7

1. Informed consent
2. prone position 
3. posterior ileac crest is the most common site
4. apply pressure post procedure - 5 to 10 minutes
5. apply pressure dressing
6. monitor for bleeding and infection
7. medicate for pain - pt is awake during procedure

Prothrombin Time PT

11 - 12.2 seconds

what lab is monitored with use of warfarin/coumadin therapy

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time aPTT

30 - 40 seconds

30-40 seconds

1.5 - 2 times normal value for anticoagulant therapy

INR 

normal 0.7 - 1.8

INR between 2-3

aPTT

 60 - 80 seconds

an irritation of a vein by chemical, bacterial or mechanical irritation 

s/s of phlebitis

name 9

1. redness
2. pain
3. burning
4. warmth
5. vein induration (hardness)
6. red streaks 
7. slowing infusion rate 
8. increased temp
9. infection

s/s of an acute hemolytic reaction to blood transfusion

name 3

1. Fever
2. Low back pain
3. Hyoptension 

NC for anaphylactic reaction to blood transfusion

name 3

1. Oxygen
2. IV fluids
3. corticosteroids

General NC with any reaction to blood transfusion

name 5

1. STOP the transfusion
2. Initiate NS infusion with a separate line
3. Save the blood bag and tubing for testing
4. Obtain urine specimen, to determine RBC hemolysis
5. Notify Dr

NC for during a blood transfusion

name 4

1. Use infusion controller (NOT PUMP) run slowly at first
2. Remain with pt for 1st 15 minutes
3. Monitor VS
4. Complete transfusion within 2 -4 hours to avoid bacterial growth

NS 0.9% NaCl

s/s of polycythemia vera

name 4

1. Hypertension
2. Headaches
3. ANGINA
4. blurred vision

Therapeutic Phlebotomy

removal of blood from the vein

deficiency in clotting factor VIII is what type of hemophilia

Risk Factors for DIC

name 4

1. Infection / Sepsis
2. Trauma
3. Incompatible blood transfusions
4. endotoxins - poisonous snake bite

Platelets

aPTT

PT

clotting factors V and VIII 

blood smear shows Schistocytes

CBC

PT 

PTT

INR

testing for anemia, blood type, platelets for clotting factor

Airway, Breathing, Circulation 

needed to circulate oxygen

Hemoglobin

f - 12-16

m -14-18

green leafy veggies

organ and red meats

Volume (mL) 

Time (min)

X

DF (gtt/mL)

=

Rate (gtt/min)