Term
| What is meant by legally blind? |
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Definition
| Person whose visual acuity is 20/200 or less in the better eye after best glasses or contacts. |
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Term
| The legal definition of blindness is based on what? |
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Definition
| Visual acuity and field of vision. |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability to clearly distinguish forms or discriminate among details |
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Term
| What is meant by "20/20 vision"? |
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Definition
| Does not mean perfect vision. It means that at a distance of 20 feet, the eye can see what a normal eye sees at that distance. |
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Term
| What is increasing as the bottom number increases in 20/20 vision? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does it mean if Jane has 20/200 vision while wearing glasses, and is she legally blind? |
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Definition
| She must be at a distance of 20 feet to see what normal sighted people sees at 200 feet. She is legally blind. |
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Term
| What is the IDEA definition of visual impairment? |
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Definition
| Includes blindness (full and partial). Means an impairment in vision that, even with correction, adversely affects a child's educational performance. |
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Term
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Definition
| Receives no useful information through vision and must rely on other senses for all learning |
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Term
| What is "functionally blind"? |
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Definition
| Has so little vision that learning is primarily through the auditory and tactile senses. May be able to supplement learning and certain tasks with limited vision. |
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Term
| What are some causes of visual impairments? |
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Definition
| Refractive Errors (nearsighted/farsighted), structural impairments (glaucoma/cataracts), and cortical (damage to part of brain). |
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Term
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Definition
| Primary means of literacy for the blind. A tactile system of reading and writing in which letters, words, numbers, and other systems are made from arrangements of raised dots. |
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Term
| When are children usually introduced to braille? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is "functional vision"? |
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Definition
| Denotes how well a person uses whatever vision he has. Is not determined by measurements of visual acuity or field of vision. |
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Term
| What are Optical Devices? |
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Definition
| Devices that help people with low vision perform better at certain tasks. Does not give normal vision, just improvement. |
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Term
| Give examples of some optical devices |
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Definition
| glasses, contact lens, small handheld telescopes, and magnifiers placed on top of printed pages. |
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Term
| Are optical aids usually all-purpose or specialized? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three basic approaches used by low vision students to read print? |
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Definition
| approach magnification, lenses, and large print |
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Term
| What is approach magnification? |
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Definition
| Reducing the distance between the eye and the page of print. |
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Term
| What are some ways a teacher can accommodate the slower reading rates of children with low vision? |
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Definition
| provide up to 2 times as much time for reading, ensure sufficient time for study, use auditory reading aids if time is not available, and allow extra time on tests. |
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Term
| What is the most effective low-vision adaptation for the classroom? |
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Definition
| Proper lighting, which may include an adjustable lamp. Lighting should come from the side of the eye with the greatest usable vision. |
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Term
| What is Orientation and Mobility instruction? |
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Definition
| Curriculum that teaches students with visual impairments to understand their environment and maneuver through it safely and effectively. |
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Term
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Definition
| Knowing where you are, where you are going, and how to get there by interpreting information from the enviornment. |
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Term
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Definition
| moving safely and efficiently from one point to another. |
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Term
| Are Orientation and Mobility the same thing? |
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Definition
| No. They are complimentary. |
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Term
| What aids are included in Orientation and Mobility? |
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Definition
| Cane skills, guide dogs, sighted-guides, and electronic travel aids. |
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Term
| What is taught in a Listening Skills curriculum? |
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Definition
| Proper instruction and experiences that teach how to use hearing more efficiently |
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Term
| What is a Functional Life Skills curriculum? |
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Definition
| Daily and career skills such as cooking, personal hygiene, shopping, transportation, etc. |
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Term
| What percentage of visually impaired children are educated in public schools? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the Itinerant Teacher Model? |
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Definition
| Sometimes called vision specialists. They are specially trained teachers that collaborate with gen. ed. teacher, provide direct instruction, obtain or prepare specialized material, and consult with parents. |
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