Term
| What is the route of the Colorado River? |
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Definition
| Begins in the Rocky Mountains and trickles into the Gulf of California |
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Term
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Definition
| A smaller river slowing into a larger one |
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Term
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Definition
| The area of land drained by a river and its tributaries |
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Term
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Definition
| Systems that combine elements of fresh water and dry land |
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Term
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Definition
1. Wetlands
2. Freshwater Marshes
3. Swamps
4. Bogs |
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Term
| Parts of lakes and ponds (4) |
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Definition
1. Lithoral Zone
2. Benthic Zone
3. Limnetic Zone
4. Profundal Zone |
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Term
| Oligotrophic vs. Eutrophic lakes and ponds |
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Definition
Oligotrophic: low nutrient and high oxygen
Eutrophic: high nutrient low oxygen |
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Term
| Types of invasive freshwater species (4) |
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Definition
1. Sea Lampreys
2. Zebra Mussels
3. Quagga Mussel
4. Asian Carp |
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Term
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Definition
| Any precipitation that does not evaporate, flow into waterways, or get taken up by organisms |
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Term
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Definition
1. Zone of Aeration
2. Zone of Saturation
3. Water Table
4. Aquifer Recharge Zone |
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Term
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Definition
| Porous sponge-like formations of rock, sand, or gravel that hold groundwater |
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Term
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Definition
1. Confined/Artesian
2. Unconfined Aquifer |
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Term
| Consumptive Use and Non-Consumptive Use |
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Definition
Consumptive: water is removed from an aquifer or surface water body and is not returned
Non-Consumptive: does not remove, or only temporarily removes, water from an aquifer or surface water |
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Term
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Definition
| Any obstruction placed in a river or stream to block the flow of water so that water can be stored in a reservoir |
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Term
| Solutions to water shortages (2) |
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Definition
1. Increase supply (transportation thru pipes and aqueducts)
2. Reduce demand |
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Term
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Definition
| The removal of salt from seawater or other water of marginal quality |
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Term
| Methods of Desalinization (2) |
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Definition
1. Distilling
2. Reverse Osmosis |
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Term
| Manners of agricultural, domestic, and industrial water conservation |
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Definition
A: Match crops to land and climate
D: low flow faucets
I: wastewater recycling |
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Term
Water Pollution
Point and Non-Point sources |
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Definition
Any chemical, biological, or physical change in water quality that has a harmful effect or living organisms or makes water unsuitable for desired uses
Point: specific location (drain pipes, ditches, sewer lines)
Non-point: cannot be traced to a single site of discharge |
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Term
| Types of Water Pollutants (7) |
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Definition
1. Infectious Agents
2. Oxygen-demanding wastes
3. Plant nutrients
4. Organic chemicals
5. Inorganic chemicals
6. Sediments
7. Thermal |
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Term
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Definition
| The release of matter or energy into the env't that causes undesirable impacts on the health and well-being of humans or other organisms |
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Term
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Definition
| In a flowing stream, the breakdown of degradable wastes by bacteria depletes DO and creates an oxygen sag curve, eliminating populations of organisms with high oxygen requirements |
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Term
| What is a water quality indicator? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Legislating and enforcing more stringent regulations of industry, modify industrial processes, modify our purchasing decisions |
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Term
| Sediment pollution Solutions |
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Definition
| better management of farms and forests; avoid large scale disturbance of vegetation |
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Term
| Thermal pollution, too warm and too cold effects |
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Definition
dissolved oxygen decreases as temperature increases, industrial cooling heats water, removing streamside cover also raises water temperature
-water at the bottom of reservoirs is colder. When water is released, downstream water temperatures drop suddenly and may kill aquatic organisms |
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Term
Groundwater Pollution
Examples of:
1. Nondegradable wastes
2. Slowly degardable wastes
3. sources |
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Definition
1. toxic lead, arsenic, fluoride
2. DT are there for decades
3. Naturally occuring and human causes |
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Term
| Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Water Treatment |
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Definition
P: PHYSICAL removal of contaminants in settling tanks
S: BIOLOGICAL - water is stirred and aerated so aerobic bacteria degrade organic pollutants, up to 90% dissolved biodegradable oxygen
T: chemical and physical processes to remove specific pollutants left (nitrates and phosphates) |
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