Term
| Other Disorders considered in DDx of BPD (4) |
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Definition
Substance-Induced Mood disorder
mood disorder secondary to General Medical Condition
Schizoaffective Disorder
Personality Disorder |
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Term
BPD Demographics:
Is Manic state more common in youth or older ppl? Depression?
Prevalence of BPD in M/F? Prevalence of manic vs. depressed?
Alcohol use in what % of BPD patients? Use when manic or depressed usually?
How do the Odds Ratios for suicide compare between BPD and MDD? |
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Definition
Manic episode more common in youth, w/ depressive episodes more frequent w/ advancing age
Equal prevalence in M & F, but M tend to be more manic/women more depressed
Alcohol use in 50%, usually when manic
Odds ratio for suicide: 6 for BPD, vs only 3 for MDD! |
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Term
Prevalence and Course of BPD
Lifetime prevalence
Avg age of onset
How long can an untreated manic episode last?
Interval between episodes tends to lengthen/shorten with age?
What is Rapid Cycling, and how common is it? |
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Definition
0.5-1.5% prevalence
Avg age of 20
Untreated episode can last several months
Interval between episodes tends to shorten with age
Rapid cycling = 4 episodes in one year; fairly rare |
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Term
Genetics of BPD
incidence w/ family Hx
Results of twin studies
Does BDP show linkage with any other psychiatric disorders? |
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Definition
5% incidence of Bipolar I among first degree relatives of a BPD patient
3x increased rate in MZ twins vs. DZ twins for all mood disorders, and even higher concordance w/ just BPD
Schizo and Bipolar are Linked
MDD and BPD are linked too
(BUT Schizo and MDD are not necessarily linked)
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Term
Neuropathophysiology of BPD
2 physiologic causes of BPD
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Definition
1. Stress response (steroids decrease BDNF, causing neuronal atrophy/death)
2. Over-activation of HPA and sympathomedullary axes (multiple receptors and NT's involved) |
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Term
How is the neuroanatomy of these 3 brain areas affected in BPD?
1.Amygdala
2. Hippocampus
3. Basal Ganglia |
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Definition
1. smaller in children/adolescents, but larger in adults (hyperactivity)
2. No effect on hippocampus size (which is decreased in MDD)
3. Has shown increased and decreased volume |
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Term
Bipolar Type II
Course of syndrome
It often precedes or is proceeded by...
Lifetime prevalence |
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Definition
Cannot have a manic episode and be classified as Bipolar II
5-15% of ppl w/ hypomania develop into full-blown mania
...a Major depressive episode
0.5-5% |
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