Term
| proteins can be classified by |
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Definition
-shape
-families
-composition
-function |
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Term
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Definition
-strand-like
-water insoluble
-stable
-ex. keratin,elastin, collagen, certain contractile fibers |
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Term
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Definition
-compact
-spherical
-water soluble
-sensitive to environmental changes
-specific functional regions (active sites)
-ex.antibodies,hormones,chaperones,enzymes |
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Term
| example of classification by families |
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Definition
-related by amino acid sequence
-hemoglobins,immunoglobulins |
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Term
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Definition
| protein part of the molecule without its prosthetic group |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| protein in combination with the prosthetic group |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-iron containing oxygen transport protein
-4 globular protein subunits
-high alpha helix content
-each subunit has a non protein heme group
-each heme contains an iron ion
-each iron can bind an oxygen molecule |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-immunoglobulins
-recognize and bind to specific antigens
-y-shaped molecule with 2 identical binding sites
-binding site is formed from loops on polypeptide chain |
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Term
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Definition
-over 300 types
-pore-forming proteins in membranes
-allow ions to flow down a concentration gradient
-channel
-selective filter
-multiple subunits
-often "gated" |
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Term
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Definition
-voltage gated sodium channels
-voltage gated calcium channels
-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
-mechanosensitive channels |
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Term
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Definition
-most abundant plasma protein
-helps regulate oncotic pressure
-important plasma carrier protein
-binds non-specifically to many
-contains long alpha helices |
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Term
| neurogenerative protein diseases |
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Definition
-Alzheimer's
-Huntington's
-Prion-based |
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Term
| Alzheimer's accumulation of |
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Definition
-beta amyloid plaques
-hydrophosphorylated tau (tangles) |
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Term
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Definition
-begin in 30s and 40s
-abnormal Huntington protein lead to beta sheet formation
-nuclear inclusions form and cause neuron death |
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Term
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Definition
| infectious misfolded proteins that degenerates the cortex to look like a sponge |
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Term
| examples of prion diseases |
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Definition
-kuru
-CJ
-scrapie (sheep)
-mad cow
-fatal familial insomnia |
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Term
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Definition
-normal prion protein found on exterior of cell membranes
-function unknown |
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Term
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Definition
-misfolded
-beta sheet conformation replaces alpha helices
-causes amyloid plaques/astrocytosis |
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Term
| prion transmission theory |
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Definition
-cannot be transmitted through air/touch
-may be transmitted through contact with infected tissue, body fluids, or contaminated medical instruments
-normal sterilization does not inactivate prions |
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Term
| Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease |
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Definition
-rare and incurable prion disorder
-most common transmissible spongiform encephalopathy in humans
-1921 discovered
-transmissible and inheritable |
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Term
| Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease incidence |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| substance that is bound by a protein |
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Term
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Definition
-surface-string
-helix-helix
-surface-surface |
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Term
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Definition
| -kinases recognize the loop that will be phosphorylated |
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Term
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Definition
| many gene regulatory proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| most common interaction for enzymes |
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Term
| hold substrate at active site |
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Definition
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Term
| ligand and protein will hold together until |
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Definition
| random thermal vibrations cause them to dissociate |
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Term
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Definition
| assoication RATE=dissociation RATE |
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Term
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Definition
-dissociation constant
-weak binding/low affinity |
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Term
| K increases this much for every 1.4kcal/mol increase in free E difference |
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Definition
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