Term
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Definition
-no chlorophyll
-sexual or asexual
-cell wall chitin, glucan, mannan
-cell membrane ergosterol (target of antifungal agents)
-primarily aerobes
-saprophytes break down organic matter
-WARM DARK MOIST |
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Term
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Definition
-hyphae-branching threadlike filaments form mycelium
-multicellular-septate
-multinucleate-aseptate |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-fungal infections
-many acquired from environment
-no toxins
-virulence-dimorphism, growth at body temp, survive in macrophage
-normal flora on skin and mouth mostly yeast (candida)
-host resistance (low pH, dessication, fatty acids, comp with bacteria) |
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Term
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Definition
| -NOT TOXINS, but BIPRODUCTS |
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Term
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Definition
-LSD
-intensifies perceptions
-ergotism-neurologic disorders |
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Term
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Definition
-aflatoxins
-contaminate grains and peanuts
-hepatic hemorrhage |
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Term
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Definition
-'death cap' mushroom
-phalloidin binds F-actin prevents actin polymerization
-amatoxin-inhibits RNA pol II |
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Term
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Definition
-lack nucleic acid
-slow replication
-do NOT elicit immune response
-no treatment or vaccine |
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Term
|
Definition
-resistance to routine sterilization and decontamination
-sensitive to autoclaving, phenols, and NaOH
-no definite diagnostic test |
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Term
|
Definition
-kuru
-CJD
-varient CJD
-fatal familial insomnia |
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Term
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Definition
-neurodegenerative changes in the brain
-formation of large fluid filled vacuoles in the CNS = dead neurons |
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Term
|
Definition
-predominantly expressed on neurons
-linear and protease susceptible
-alpha helices |
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Term
|
Definition
-globular and protease resistant
-beta pleated sheets
-plaque formation
-susceptibility to acquiring prion infection - mutation at amino acid residue 129 |
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Term
|
Definition
-sporadic (spontaneous)
-inheritable (prp polymorphism)
-transmissible (food, iatrogenic) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| low levels of prpsc in milk and meat |
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Definition
| inefficient transfer to nervous system |
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Term
|
Definition
-geographic restriction
-systemic infection of healthy individuals
-histoplasmosis
-blastomycosis
-coccidiodomycosis |
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Term
|
Definition
-mold in soil, yeast in lungs
-bird and bat excreta (high N2)
-Mississippi and Ohio River valleys |
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Term
|
Definition
-mold in soil, yeast in lungs, skin lesions
-decaying organic matter
-Mississippi river valley, SE and North central states |
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Term
|
Definition
-mold in dessert, spherule in lungs
-soil, rodent droppings
-SW states |
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Term
|
Definition
-Malassezia
-yeast (normal flora)
-tinea versicolor
-seborrheic dermatitis |
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Term
|
Definition
-hypo-hyper pigmented patches with slight scaling
-neck chest upper trunk |
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Term
|
Definition
-dandruff
-inflammatory condition that causes flaky, white yellowish scales to form on oily areas like scalp or inside of ear |
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Term
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Definition
-dermatophytes
-via microabrasions
-microsporum
-trichophyton
-epidermophyton |
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Term
|
Definition
-parasitic fungus that causes an infection of keratinized tissue
-skin hair nails, rarely invade the dermis
-most common fungal infections
-not part of normal flora
-treatment-topical azole creams |
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Term
|
Definition
-thick walled vegetative cells formed by dermatophyte hyphae
-form in which infection is spread |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
| opportunistic fungal infections |
|
Definition
-candidiasis
-pneumocystosis
-aspergillosis |
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Term
|
Definition
-candida albicans
-normal flora
-mucosal infections |
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Term
|
Definition
-most infected early in life
-cannot be grown in vitro
-pneumonia-alveoli fill with proteinaceous material |
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Term
|
Definition
-not part of normal flora
-ubiquitous in soil, decomposing vegetation
-conidia are inhaled-filamentous invasive tissue infection |
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Term
| dimorphism plays a role in |
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Definition
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|
Term
| patients at high risk for opportunistic fungal infections |
|
Definition
-transplant patients
-patients on corticosteroids
-HIV infected
-patients receiving broad spectrum antibiotics
-burn victims
-patients using central IV catheters |
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Term
|
Definition
-release granules of enzymes to breakdown fungal cell wall
-Cryptococcus neoformans resits phagocytosis |
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