Term
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Definition
| living organism unable to be viewed with the naked eye |
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Term
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Definition
-microbe capable of causing host damage
-damage due to microbial activity or host response |
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Term
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Definition
| -exogenous and always damages |
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Term
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Definition
-endogenous
-sometimes causes damage |
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Term
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Definition
| -capacity of a microbe to cause damage and establish disease in a host |
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Term
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Definition
-quantitative measure of pathogenicity
-relative capacity of a microbe to cause damage to a host |
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Term
| virulence factor or determinant |
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Definition
-component of a pathogen that damages the host
-encoded by virulence genes |
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Term
| disease according to microbial pathogenesis |
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Definition
-outcome of interaction between host and microorganism
-determined by damage to the host
-damage results from microbial factors and/or host response |
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Term
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Definition
-microbe present in each case of disease
-microbe can be taken from host and grown independently
-disease can be produced by introducing a pure culture of microbe into healthy host
-microbe can be isolates and identified from host |
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Term
| host-parasite interaction |
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Definition
-not static
-most interactions do NOT result in disease |
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Term
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Definition
-parasites don't necessarily cause overt harm
-all pathogens are parasites but not all parasites are pathogens
-outcome of selective pressures acting on a relationship over a long period of time
-what matters most is transmission to new host (select more resistant host) |
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Term
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Definition
| -rabbits survive longer and virus more likely to be transmitted |
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Term
| more microbes or human cells in body? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-advantages-growth inhibitors, metabolic waste, acidic environment
-disadvantages-nosocomial (hospital) infections, overgrowth of of pathogenic flora |
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Term
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Definition
-consists of microbes that are present on the body surfaces to communicate with external environment to communicate with external environment
-colonize and persist for the life of the host
-perfected the art of parasitism
-varies with time, body site, and hygiene
-skin nose mouth GI tract |
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Term
| non cell based infectious agents |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-unicellular
-single circular DNA in cytoplasm
-extrachromosomal DNA plasmids
-linked transcription/translation
-70S ribosome
-no internal membranes
-no cytoskeletal fibers
-binary fission |
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Term
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Definition
-multicellular
-paired chromosomes
-nuclear membrane
-transcription requires mRNA
-translation in ribosomes
-80S ribosome
-mitosis and meiosis |
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Term
| How to be a successful pathogen |
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Definition
-gain entry to host
-find unique niche
-multiply
-evade,exploit,circumvent host defenses
-exit the host in a manner designed to maximize likelihood of transmission to a new susceptible host |
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Term
| types of microbial infections |
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Definition
-attach/penetrate
-biting arthropods
-skin wounds/animal bites
-defense is compromised |
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Term
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Definition
-depends on presence of receptors
-skin
-biting insect
-conjunctiva
-resp tract
-GI tract
-urogenital tract |
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Term
| environmental selection factors |
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Definition
-chemical-nutrients,gas,pH
-physical-temp,osmotic/hydrostatic pressure
-mechanical
-biological-host secretions,other microbes |
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Term
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Definition
-elicit minimal response
-evade response
-depress host response
-antigenic shift/drift
-rapid replication
-survival in weakly responding populations |
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Term
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Definition
-virulence reflects its mode of transmission
-resp
-fecal oral
-venereal
-insects
-animals |
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