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Biosystems II
Embryonic Development
22
Biology
Graduate
02/16/2012

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Term
at day 3 or 4
Definition
-100 cells
-reached the uterus
-fluid accumulates in internal cavity
-forms a blastocyst
Term
blastocyst
Definition
fluid filled hollow sphere
Term
trophoblast
Definition
-outside layer
-display factors that are immunosuppressive
-participate in placenta formation
Term
inner cell mass (ICM)
Definition
-becomes embryonic disc (embryo and 3 embryonic membranes)
Term
embryonic stemm cells are obtained by taking cells from
Definition
ICM
Term
blastocyst floats for
Definition
2-3 days
Term
implantation begins
Definition
6-7 days after ovulation
Term
implantation
Definition
-trophoblast expresses adhesion molecules
-trophoblast adhereres to endometrium
-inflammatory type response (thickening, permeable/leaky blood vessels)
Term
trophoblast 2 layers
Definition
-cytotrophoblast (inner)
-syncytiotrophoblast (outer)
Term
synctiotrophoblast
Definition
-these cells lose plasma membranes and contents invade and digest endometrium to make room for blastocyst
-blastocyst burrows into endometrial lining
Term
implanted blastocyst is covered by
Definition
endometrial cells
Term
implantation is completed on
Definition
12th day
Term
human chorionic gonadotropin
Definition
-secreted by trophoblast cells
-prompts corpus luteum to continue secreting progesterone and estrogen
-hCG levels rise until the end of the 2nd month then decline as placenta takes over
Term
placentation
Definition
-formation of placenta from embryonic and maternal tissues
Term
in placentation, embryonic tissues
Definition
-cells develop from inner cell mass and line trophoblast
-together these form the chorion and chorionic villi
Term
in placentation, the chorionic villi
Definition
-grow into blood filled lacunae (intervillous space)
-vascularized by umbilical arteries and veins
-lie immersed in maternal blood
Term
placentation maternal tissues
Definition
-decidua basalis
-decidua capsularis
Term
decidua basalis
Definition
part of endometrium outside of chorionic villi
Term
decidua capsularis
Definition
part of endometrium at the uterine cavity face of the implanted embryo
Term
placenta
Definition
-chorionic villi and decidua basalis
-fully formed and functional by end of 3rd month
-hormone production
-oxygen, nutrient, waste exchange
Term
maternal and embryonic blood mix?
Definition
no
Term
placental barriers
Definition
-membranes of chorionic villi
-endothelium of embryonic capillaries
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