Term
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Definition
external and internal sensory information from your body to your brain
made of 3 systems: exteroceptive, proprioceptive and interoceptive |
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Term
| exteroceptive system (somatosensory) |
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Definition
senses external stimuli applied to skin
(mechanical stimuli-touch, thermal stimuli-temperature, nociceptive stimuli-pain) |
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Term
| proprioceptive system (somatosensory) |
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Definition
| senses info about the position of the body from receptors in muscle, joints, and organs of balance (like ear) |
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Term
| interoceptive system (somatosensory) |
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Definition
| senses info about internal state of the body (temp/blood pressure/etc) |
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Term
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Definition
| sense temperature change and pain |
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Term
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Definition
largest/deepest receptors
-adapt rapidly
-sudden displacements of skin=touch
-do not notice clothes touching you! |
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Term
| dorsal-column medial lemniscus sensory pathway |
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Definition
touch and proprioception
(decussate in hindbrain)
don't synapse until the medulla |
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Term
| anterolateral sensory pathway |
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Definition
pain and temperature
(decussate in the cord)
synapse immediately |
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Term
| spinothalamic tract (anterolateral system) |
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Definition
| travel up the cord and into the thalamus |
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Term
| spinoreticular tract (anterolateral system) |
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Definition
synapse in the hindbrain (reticular activating system)
then parafascicular nuclei and intralaminar nuclei in thalamus |
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Term
| spinotectal tract (anterolateral system) |
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Definition
| synapse in the tectum (colliculi-midbrain) |
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Term
| dorsolateral corticospinal pathway (sensorimotor) |
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Definition
from motor cortex to the cord
decussates in the medulla
direct control over motor neurons of distal muscles |
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Term
| dorsolateral corticorubral pathway (sensorimotor) |
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Definition
from motor cortex to red nucleus in midbrain to secondary neurons
decussates in the medulla
indirect control over motor neurons of distal muscles |
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Term
| ventromedial corticospinal pathway (sensorimotor) |
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Definition
from the motor cortex to the cord
travels ipsilaterally
direct control over motor neurons of proximal muscles |
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Term
| ventromedial cortico-brainstem-spinal system (sensorimotor) |
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Definition
from motor cortex to diffuse regions of the brainstem to secondary neurons
travels ipsilaterally
indirect control over motor neurons in proximal muscles
brainstem targets= tectum (auditory/visual info) vestibular nucleus (balance from ears) reticular formation (species-specific movements) |
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Term
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Definition
| somatosensory input to motor neurons (can be one synapse-knee jerk/patellar reflex) |
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Term
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Definition
visual, auditory input to motor neurons
(orienting reflexes-visual info to superior colliculi goes to primary motor neuron, auditory info to inferior colliculi goes to primary motor neuron) |
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Term
| hierarchy of cortical sensorimotor processing |
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Definition
| sensory cortices>association areas in parietal lobe(recognizes location of objects in environment)>dorsolateral PFC (decision to move)>secondary motor cortex(motor program)>primary motor cortex (muscle movement) |
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Term
sensorimotor system damage-association cortex
(parietal lobe and DLPFC) |
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Definition
parietal-apraxia (difficulty making specific movements when requested to do so) and contralateral neglect (inability to respond to stimuli on one side of the body opposite the lesion)
DLPFC-difficulty planning voluntary movements and poor decision making |
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