Term
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Definition
| the ability to detect objects in dim lighting |
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Term
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Definition
ability to see details
-high when pupils constricted |
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Term
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Definition
adjusting the shape of the lenses to bring an image to focus
-flattens for distance |
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Term
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Definition
| eyes turning inward to see an object up close |
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Term
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Definition
difference in the position of the same image on two retinas
-enables you to construct 3D images from 2D on retinas |
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Term
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Definition
| 5th layer of the retina that contains the receptors for light |
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Term
| retinal ganglion cell layer |
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Definition
| 1st layer of the retina which sends axons to the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| 5 layers of cells that line the back of the eye (inside out configuration, neurochemical signals travel back from the 5th layer to the 1st) |
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Term
| cones (acuity/sensitivity/color/activation in dim light/convergence) |
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Definition
receptors for phototopic vision
-high acuity, low sensitivity, color, unactivated in dim light, low convergence from retina |
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Term
| rods (acuity/sensitivity/color/activation in dim light/convergence) |
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Definition
receptors for scotopic vision
-dim lighting, low acuity, high sensitivity, no color, activated in dim light, high convergence from retina |
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Term
| parvocellular layers of LGN |
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Definition
small cell bodies
info from cones
responsive to color
acuity
stationary and slow moving objects |
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Term
| magnocellular layers of LGN |
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Definition
large cell bodies
info from rods
movement |
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Term
on-center cells
off-center cells |
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Definition
-cells fire when light hits the center of their receptive field
-cells fire when light hits the periphery of their receptive field |
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Term
| hierarchy of cortical processing of vision |
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Definition
primary visual cortex-edges and lines
secondary visual cortex-color and movement
visual association cortex-integration with other sensed and generation of movement
subcortical structures-emotion/memory |
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Term
| dorsal/ventral streams of processing |
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Definition
dorsal-WHERE objects are
damage=difficulty reaching for object they can describe (control of behavior)
ventral-WHAT objects are
damage=can reach for objects they cannot describe (conscious perception) |
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Term
| path of sound wave vibrations |
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Definition
| auditory canal>tymphanic membrane>ossicles>oval window>fluid in cochlea>organ of corti>stimulate hair cells>trigger action potentials in auditory nerve |
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Term
| cortical processing of sound |
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Definition
network pathway:
auditory nerve>brain stem nuclei>midbrain nuclei(colliculi-tectum)>mediate geniculate nucleus of the thalamus (MGN)>primary, secondary, and association auditory cortex |
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