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Biomed 1110
Flashcards for Biomed 1110
79
Biology
Undergraduate 1
11/15/2014

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Term
3 Layers of the Skin
Definition
Epidermis, Dermis, Subcutaneuous
Term
Arrector Pili
Definition
Muscle in skin that controls angle of each hair
Term
Layer beneath Skin
Definition
Subcutaneous
Term
Pemphigus
Definition
Autoimmune disease that attacks desmosomes. Skin falls apart.
Term
Define Epidermis
Definition
Avascular, Innervated, Layers of Squamous epithelium
Term
Layers of Epidermis, from Top to Bottom
Definition
Stratum Corneum, Stratum Lucidum, Stratum Granulosum, Stratum Spinosum, Stratum Basale
Term
Mnemonic for skin layers
Definition
Cher Likes Getting Skin Botoxed
Term
Definition of Thin Skin
Definition
Lacks Stratum lucidum, and spinosum and corneum are very thin.
Term
Definition of Thick Skin or Glabrous Skin
Definition
6-45x thicker than thin skin. Spinosum, Lucidum and Corneum are thicker
Term
4 Types of Cells in skin
Definition
Keratinocytes, Melanocytes, Langerhans and Merkel
Term
Function of Keratinocytes
Definition
90% of epidermis, gives skin keratin
Term
Function of Melanocytes
Definition
Carry pigment granules that give color. 8% of epidermis
Term
Function of Langerhans Cells
Definition
Phagocytes, Immune defence 1% of epidermis
Term
Function of Merkel Discs
Definition
Detect Light Touch 1% of epidermis
Term
3 Pigment types
Definition
Pheomelanin, Eumelanin, Carotene
Term
Pheomelanin color
Definition
Yellow to Red
Term
Eumelanin Color
Definition
Brown to Black
Term
Hemoglobin
Definition
Causes redness in skin, depending on heat
Term
Carotene
Definition
Found in vegetables and can cause skin to be orange if overconsumed
Term
Jaundice
Definition
Disease that comes from faulty liver, causes skin to be yellow
Term
2 regions of dermis
Definition
Papillary and Reticular
Term
Papillary Region
Definition
Bumps going up into epidermis, 1/5 of dermis. Made of Areoloar Loose connective tissue, has cappilaries and free nerve endings
Term
Reticular Region
Definition
4/5 of dermis, made of dense irregular connective tissue, has thick collagen and coarse elastic fibers. Some adipose cells, hair follicles, nervess and sebaceous and sudoriferous glands.
Term
Striae
Definition
Stetch marks from pregnancy or obesity
Term
Subcutaneous Tissue
Definition
Adipose tissue, Lammelated Corpuscles that sense vibration
Term
4 types of nerves
Definition
Meissner, Merkel, Free and Pacinian
Term
Function of Meissner
Definition
Detect Light Touch
Term
Function of Merkel
Definition
Detect Light Touch
Term
Function of Free Nerve Endings
Definition
Pain and Temperature, Itch and hair movement.
Term
Pacinian Corpuscle
Definition
Sense Deep pressure, vibration
Term
2 types of sweat glands
Definition
Eccrine and Apocrine
Term
Function of Eccrine
Definition
used to cool skin and release heat energy
Term
Fucntion of Apocrine
Definition
Associated with hair shaft, does not use apocrine secretion, secretes pheremones
Term
Sebaceous Glands
Definition
Associated with hair shaft, secrete waxy substance(Sebum)
Term
Nail Body
Definition
Visible portion of the nail
Term
Nail Matrix
Definition
Epithelium next to hail root, contains dividing cells which produce new nail cells
Term
Eponychium
Definition
Cutucle
Term
Lunula
Definition
thick white part of nail
Term
Free Edge
Definition
extends past finger or toe
Term
Nail Bed
Definition
Skin below nail plate
Term
Hyponychium
Definition
secures nail to fingertip
Term
Hair shaft has 3 Layers
Definition
Medulla-middle core
Cortex-next layer
Cuticle-outside
Term
Papilla
Definition
at base of hair shaft, contains blood vessels for hair
Term
Hair growth stages
Definition
Growth Stage-Anagen
Regression Stage-Catagen
Resting Stage-Telogen
Term
thick skin qualities
Definition
no hair, no sebaceous glands, more sweat glands
Term
thin skin
Definition
hair present, fewer sweat glands, sebaceous glands present
Term
Ectoderm
Definition
Layer in fetus that skin forms from
Term
Dermis and Epidermis appear around what week in fetus
Definition
Week 11
Term
What week for glands
Definition
week 14
Term
What week for hair
Definition
week 16
Term
Melanocytes migrate into skin from this, located near spinal cord
Definition
Neural Crest
Term
Rosacea
Definition
Common upon aging, cause unknown
Term
Superficial wounds
Definition
Do not penetrate past epithelium, dividing cells from stratum basale migrate into pit of wound
Term
Deep Wounds
Definition
Penetrate blood vessels of dermis, collagen is used to fill and scar tissue remains
Term
Repair vs Regenerate
Definition
Repair-Fix, but some function may be lost
Regenerate-Grow again keeping function
Term
Decubitus or Pressure Ulcer
Definition
Comes from pressure in places that are close to bone, skin becomes trapped and lack of blood cells keeps immune cells from reaching. Cells get infected and die. Can cause necrosis
Term
3 burn types
Definition
1st degree-Only epidermis involved
2nd Degree-Dermis involved
3rd Degree- Subcutaneous layer involved
Term
Rule of nines
Definition
11 regions, each 9% of body
Term
Head and neck percentage
Definition
Anterior- 4.5%
Posterior- 4.5% total- 9%
Term
Shoulders, arms, forearms and hands
Definition
Anterior -9%
Posterior- 9%
Total- 18%
Term
Trunk
Definition
Anterior- 18%
Posterior-18%
Total-36%
Term
Perineum or Genital Area
Definition
Total-1%
Term
Legs thighs and feet
Definition
Anterior-18%
Posteior- 18%
Total- 36%
Thighs and calves 9% each
Term
2 mechanisms for heat regulation
Definition
Circulation and sweat
Term
Dilation causes what
Definition
Shedding of heat
Term
Constriciton causes
Definition
conservation of heat
Term
Arrector Pili
Definition
Helps constrict blood(goosebumps)
Term
Adipose tissue
Definition
insulates
Term
Sweat Glands
Definition
Shed heat by evaporation
Term
Hyperplasia
Definition
growing cell
Term
dyspasia
Definition
cancer cells appear in center or mass
Term
in situ
Definition
cancer cells multiplying rapidly, have not spread yet
Term
Malignant tumor
Definition
site has burst, cancer enters blood stream and rest of body
Term
Most common type of skin cancer
Definition
basal cell carcinoma
Term
next most common
Definition
squamos cell carcinoma
Term
Rarest Skin Cancer
Definition
Melanoma(arises from melanocytes
Term
What percentage of shed skin cells are contaminated
Definition
7%
Term
Iodine scrubs
Definition
used on patients, too harsh for regular use
Term
Percentage of alchohol hand sterilizers best for caregivers
Definition
60-95%
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