Term
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Definition
ratio of a body's inertia to gravitational forces; used to determine the resistance of a partially submerged object moving through water;
Fr = velocity/sqrt(gravity*characteristic length) |
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Definition
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Definition
ratio of inertial forces to viscous forces and consequently quantifies the relative importance of these two types of forces for given flow conditions
Re = density*velcity*length/dynamic viscosity |
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Definition
| of foot, away from body center |
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Term
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Definition
| additional drag due to swimming movements |
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Definition
| of foot, toward body center |
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Term
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Definition
| talocrural, inferior tibiofibular, subtalar |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| tibia, fibula, talus, calcaneus |
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Term
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Definition
| systematic favoritism present in data collection; selection, detection, interviewer |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| chord length (alpine skiing) |
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Definition
| tail of ski to tip of ski |
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Term
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Definition
| muscles shorten while generating force |
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Term
| confounding (research studies) |
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Definition
| extraneous variable in a statistical model that correlates (positively or negatively) with both the dependent variable and the independent variable |
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Term
| contact length (alpine skiing) |
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Definition
| length between the two contact points when no weight is on ski |
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Term
| crista ampullaris (anterior, horizontalis, posterior) |
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Definition
| detects angular acceleration; sensory organ of rotation located in the semicircular canal of the inner ear; |
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Term
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Definition
| phase in running after foot strike and before extension |
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Term
| cutaneous mechanoreceptors |
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Definition
| located in the skin; allow us to feel |
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Term
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Definition
| running at a pace of 4.5 to 6 m/s |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| muscle elongates while under tension due to an opposing force greater than the muscle can generate |
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Definition
| of the foot, turning the sole out |
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Term
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Definition
| phase of running after cushioning and before toe off |
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Term
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Definition
| runs from its two heads just above the knee to the heel; plantar flexing the foot at the ankle joint and flexing the leg at the knee joint; calf muscle |
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Term
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Definition
| proprioceptive sensory receptor organ that is located at the origins and insertion[1] of skeletal muscle fibers into the tendons of skeletal muscle |
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Term
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Definition
| sensory receptors of both the auditory system and the vestibular system in all vertebrates |
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Definition
| phase in running after after the swing phase and before cushioning |
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Term
| inferior tibiofibular joint |
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Definition
| formed by medial, distal fibula and lateral, distal side of tibia; SYNDESMOSIS |
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Term
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Definition
| of the foot, turning the sole in |
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Term
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Definition
| branch of mechanics dealing with the geometry of motion without regard to forces |
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Term
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Definition
| disagreement exists between visually perceived movement and the vestibular system's sense of movement |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| capacity of an excited neuron to reduce the activity of its neighbors |
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Term
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Definition
| sensory receptors within the belly of a muscle, which primarily detect changes in the length of this muscle; help maintain posture and position of the body and extremities |
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Term
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Definition
| condition of voluntary[1] or involuntary eye movement |
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Term
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Definition
| for an object only being towed through fluid |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| positional alcohol nystagmus (PAN) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| techniques used to quantify postural control in upright stance in either static or dynamic conditions |
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Term
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Definition
| of foot, horizontal abduction (frontal plane, plantar flexion (saggital plane), eversion (transverse plane) |
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Term
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Definition
| sense of the relative position of neighbouring parts of the body and strength of effort being employed in movement |
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Term
| prospective study (dis)advantages |
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Definition
pro: less error and confounding
con: more time and people necessary |
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Term
| receptor in knee-jerk reflex |
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Definition
| muscle spindle in quadriceps |
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Term
| retrospective study (dis)advantages |
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Definition
pro: efficient
con: bias and hidden causes |
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Term
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Definition
| moves contact point of tip closer to midpoint of ski |
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Term
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Definition
| measure of how efficiently a person uses oxygen while running at a given pace |
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Term
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Definition
| sensitive to linear translations of the head, specifically movements up and down |
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Term
| shovel width (alpine skiing) |
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Definition
| width of widest point just beyond tip of ski |
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Term
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Definition
| gap between if the ski were parallel down the length and the skinniest point of ski |
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Term
| side radius (alpine skiing) |
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Definition
| radius of the curve on side of ski; determines radius of turn that can be made |
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Term
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Definition
| distance from one foot contact to the next contact of the opposite foot |
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Term
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Definition
| distance from one foot contact to the next contact of the same foot |
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Term
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Definition
| talus rests on and articulates with the calcaneus; SYNOVIAL JOINT, |
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Term
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Definition
| of the foot, horizontal adduction (frontal plane), dorsiflexion (saggital), inversion (transverse plane) |
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Term
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Definition
| combination of mechanical and metabolic efficiency; P = active drag * velocity |
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Term
| tail width (alpine skiing) |
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Definition
| thickest point of tail on ski |
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Term
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Definition
| hinge type synovial joint; tibia, fibula, talus; "two articulations" |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Angle A with respect to vertical
[image]
true hip angle is wrt trunk |
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Term
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Definition
| phase of running after extension and before the swing phase |
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Term
| type of muscles and receptors for proprioception |
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Definition
| muscle spindles, cutaneous mechanoreceptors, golgi tendon organs |
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Term
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Definition
| detects linear motion, specifically horizontal movement |
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Term
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Definition
| reflex eye movement that stabilizes images on the retina during head movement by producing an eye movement in the direction opposite to head movement |
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