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biomechanics lecture 3
biomechanics lecture 3
50
Anatomy
Graduate
10/07/2014

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Term
define linear motion
Definition
motion in which all points of an object are moving in the same magnitude, direction, and velocity
Term
what are the 2 components of a vector
Definition
magnitude, direction
Term
is volume a vector or scalar measurement?
Definition
scalar
Term
is mass a vector or scalar measurement
Definition
scalar
Term
what is the one component of a scalar measurement
Definition
magnitude only
Term
how to represent position?
Definition
with coordinates or distance
Term
define travel distance
Definition
length of a path that connects two points
Term
is travel distance vector or scalar?
Definition
scalar
Term
define displacement
Definition
as the crow flies distance from a to b
Term
is displacement vector or scalar?
Definition
vector
Term
is speed a vector or scalar?
Definition
scalar
Term
is velocity vector or scalar?
Definition
vector
Term
in simplified projectile motion is there air?
Definition
no
Term
in simplified projectile motion what is the only acceleration?
Definition
acceleration due to gravity
Term
in simplified projectile motion, describe the horizontal velocity
Definition
constant
Term
in simplified projectile motion, describe the vertical acceleration
Definition
constant, due to gravity
Term
define vertical takeoff
Definition
time when the object leaves the support surface
Term
define release speed
Definition
horizontal + vertical velocity at takeoff
Term
define the takeoff or release angle
Definition
the angle of the takeoff with respect to the horizon
Term
what is the path of the travel of projectile motion?
Definition
a second order paranomial
Term
what is another name for takeoff height
Definition
release height
Term
what is the maximum height of flight
Definition
the highest y value, highest point
Term
what is the touchdown height?
Definition
the landing height
Term
define flight distance or range of flight
Definition
horizontal distance between takeoff point and landing point
Term
what is another term for takeoff velocity
Definition
release velocity
Term
what is another term for takeoff angle
Definition
release angle
Term
describe acceleratino for instantaneous vertical velocity
Definition
constant
Term
describe acceleration for an instantaneous horizontal position
Definition
0
Term
describe velocity for an instantaneous horizontal position
Definition
constant
Term
what is the instantaneous horizontal acceleration?
Definition
0
Term
in projectile motion, what is the vertical velocity at the highest point?
Definition
0
Term
when does optimal takeoff angle occur?
Definition
when takeoff and landing heights are the same
Term
what is another name for optimal takeoff angle
Definition
optimal release angle
Term
which takeoff angle will give the maximum distance in projectile motion when velocity is constant and takeoff and landing heights are equal
Definition
45 degrees
Term
what is the formula to find maximum vertical position (ymax) in a projectile motion?
Definition
y_max = y+0 + ((V_y0)^2)/2g
Term
is there air resistance in human movements?
Definition
yes
Term
is there air resistance in the horizontal direction of human movements
Definition
yes
Term
is there air resistance in the vertical direction of human movements?
Definition
yes
Term
what is the flight phase of running?
Definition
both feet in the air
Term
what are 4 ways to measure linear kinematics?
Definition
videographic analysis, speed trap, radar speed gun, accelerometer
Term
how does videographic analysis work?
Definition
you measure position at a known point of a known time. You calculate the linear velocity and acceleration of the known point in known directions
Term
what is an advantage of videographic analysis for linear kinematic measuring
Definition
you can determine the linear kinematics of multiple known points
Term
what is a disadvantage of measuring linear kinematics with videographic analysis
Definition
slow feedback
Term
how does a speed trap work?
Definition
it measures the time the subject passes each gate: known distance/measured time = speed
Term
how can you calculate instantaneous speeds using a speed trap?
Definition
add in more gates
Term
what is an advantage of a speed trap?
Definition
quick feedback
Term
what is a disadvantage of a speed trap?
Definition
you don't know the speed at all points
Term
what is a necessary condition of a speed trap?
Definition
you have to make a time 0 where the subject has 0 speed
Term
how does a radar speed gun work?
Definition
amount of radar signals returned changes as the object moves
Term
how does release height affect optimal release angle?
Definition
as height increases, optimal release angle decreases
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