Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Biology: Life On Earth Ch. 15
Vocab for Ch. 15: How Organisms Evolve
22
Biology
Not Applicable
11/21/2005

Additional Biology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
adaptations
Definition
Characteristics that help an individual survive and reproduce.
Term
allele frequency
Definition
The proportion of a partcular allele to the total number of alleles present.
Term
altruism
Definition
Any behavior that endangers an individual organism or reduces its reprductibe success but benefits other members of its species.
Term
coevolution
Definition
The constant mutual feedback between two species in which the adaptations of one species cause adaptation in the other species.
Term
competition
Definition
The simultaneous demand by two or more organisms for limited resources.
Term
directional selection
Definition
The pattern of evolutionary change which favors individuals with an extreme value of a trait and selects against both average individuals and individuals at the opposite extreme.
Term
disruptive selection
Definition
The pattern of evolutionary change which favors individuals at both extremes of a trait and selects against individuals with intermediate values.
Term
equilibrium population
Definition
A population which does not evolve.
Term
fitness
Definition
An organism's reproductive success.
Term
founder effect
Definition
A special type of population bottleneck which occurs when isolated colonies are founded by a small number of organisms.
Term
gene flow
Definition
Movement of alleles into or out of a population.
Term
gene pool
Definition
The sum of all the genes in a population.
Term
genetic drift
Definition
The process by which change events change allele frequencies in a small population.
Term
Hardy-Weinberg principle
Definition
A simple mathmatical model which shows that under certain conditions, allele frequencies and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constant no matter how many generations pass. This population does not evolve.
Term
kin selection
Definition
The phenomenon whereby the actions of an individual increase the survival or reproductibe success of its relatives.
Term
mutation
Definition
A change of the DNA sequence within a gene or chromosome of an organism resulting in the creation of a new character or trait not found in the parental type.
Term
natural selection
Definition
Survival of the fittest.
Term
population
Definition
A group that includes all the members of a psecies living in a given area.
Term
population bottleneck
Definition
When the size of a population is drasicially reduced.
Term
predation
Definition
Any situation in which one organism eats another.
Term
sexual selection
Definition
The special kind of selection that acts on traits that help an animal acquire a mate.
Term
stabilizing selection
Definition
The pattern of evolutionary change which favors individuals with the average value of a trait and selects against individuals with extreme values.
Supporting users have an ad free experience!