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What is all Life made of?
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| All life is made of Cells |
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| Anything that has mass and takes up space |
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Power which may be translated into motion, overcoming resistence, or effecing physical change
in other words, "Energy is the ability to do work" |
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| An atom is a basic unit of matter |
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| What 3 subatomic particles make up an atom? |
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Protons and Nuetrons form the center/nucleus
Electrons cirlce around the nucleus |
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| Which subatomic particle has a positive charge? |
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| Which subatomic particle has a negative charge? |
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electron
(Excited Angry Electron) |
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| Which subatomic particle has no charge? |
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nuetron
(Nuetron Nuetral) |
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| A chemical element is a pure substance made up of only one kind of atom |
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| The number or protons in the nucleus of an element is known as the element's ______ _______ |
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| If a carbon has 6 protons and 6 electrons, what is it's atomic number? |
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What is a Atomic Mass?
Can two atoms of the same elements ever have different mass numbers? |
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# of protons + # of nuetrons = atomic mass
yes, if they are isotopes, they sometimes differ in # of nuetrons |
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sometimes, atoms of an element have different numbers of nuetrons.
For example, all carbon atoms have 6 protons, but some have 6 nuetrons, some have 7 nuetrons, and a few have 8.
Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of nuetrons are called isotopes |
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| An elecron is _______ the mass of a proton |
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| all isotopes of an atom have the same chemical properties ? |
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Definition
| yes, they have the same number of electrons and protons |
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Term
What is a compound?
How are compounds different from elements? |
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Definition
A compound is a substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions. (this means that H2O is water, but H3O is not)
Compounds have different physical and chemical properties from the elements they are made of
(For example, Chlorine (Cl) is a poisonous gas and Sodium (Na) is a metal, but when combined they form NaCl which is table salt.
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| How do atoms of elements join to form compounds? |
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| What are valence electrons? |
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| Valence electrons are electrons in the outermost shell or energy circle of an atom. They are very important in forming chemical bonds between atoms. |
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| What are the two main types of chemical bonds? |
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Ionic Bonds
Covalent Bonds |
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| What is another name for negatively or positively charged particles? |
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| A cation is a positively charged ion |
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An Anion is a negatively charged ion
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When an atom of an element looses one or more electrons
* loosing electrons means there are more protons (+) than electrons (-) so there is a positive charge |
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When an element gains one or more electrons
* gaining electrons means there are more electrons (-) than protons (+) so there is a negative charge |
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| How is an Ionic Bond formed? |
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Definition
When one or more electrons are TRANSFERED from one atom to another
Oppositely charged ions (Created by transferring the electrons) attract each other and from an ionic bond
[image] |
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Term
| In this type of bond, electrons travel around the nucleus of both atoms |
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| What is the type of bond where electrons are shared by the atoms and not transferred called? |
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What is a single covalent bond?
What is a double covalent bond?
What is a triple covalent bond? |
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Definition
When atoms share 2 electrons
When atoms share 4 electrons
When atoms share 6 electrons |
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Term
| The structure formed when atoms are joined by covalent bonds is called a |
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Definition
molecule
(smallest unit of most compounds) |
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| Does if it's two of the same element or two different elements matter for if it's a molecule? |
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Which of these are elements?
Neon
Nitrogen
Water
Potassium
Carbon Dioxide
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Oxygen-16 and Oxygen-18 are isotopes, this means that they...
a.) have the same number of protons and nuetrons
b.) have the same number of protons but different number of nuetrons
c.) have a different number of protons but the same number of nuetrons
d.) have a different number of protons and a different number of nuetrons |
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