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Biology
Chapter 7
25
Biology
11th Grade
10/11/2008

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Term
cytosol
Definition
lies inside the membrane, is where organelles are found.
Term
nucleoid
Definition
where DNA is concentrated in a prokaryotic cell.No membrane separates it from the rest of the cell.
Term
cytoplasm
Definition
the region between the nucleus and the  plasma membrane.
Term
plasma membrane
Definition
functions as a barrier that only allows oxygen, nutrients, and waste to past through.
Term
nucleus
Definition
contains most genes of the eukaryotic cell
Term
nuclear lamina
Definition
array of protein filaments that maintains the nucleus' shape.
Term

chromatin

Definition
a fibrous material where DNA and proteins are organized
Term
chromosomes
Definition
Term
nucleolus
Definition
where RNA (ribosomol RNA) is synthezised and aseembled.
Term
endomembrane system
Definition
Term
vesicles
Definition
tiny membrane segments that relate normal membranes
Term
Smooth ER
Definition
syntheizes lipids, controls liver cells, detoxifies drugs, helps muscle control
Term
Rough ER
Definition
Term
glycoproteins
Definition
proteins that covalently bond to carbohydrates.
Term
Golgi apparatus
Definition
where ER is modified, stored, and sent to other places.
Term
lysosome
Definition
a membrane-bound sac of hydrolytic enzymes that are used to digest macromolecules (tadpoles, fingers)
Term
phagocytsis
Definition
a process in which amoebas and other protists engulfe smaller organisms
Term
contractile vacuoles
Definition
vacoules that fresh water protists have that pump out excess water
Term
central vacoule
Definition
reserves organic compounds, protects the plant, and helps the plant grow
Term
mitochondria
Definition
site of cellular respiration
Term
chloroplasts
Definition
site of photosynthesis
Term
cristae
Definition
infoldings in the membrane
Term
mitochondrial matrix
Definition
enclosed by inner membrane,contains enzymes, DNA, and ribosomes
Term
plastids
Definition
plant organelles
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