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Biology1408
Chapter 3 and 4
40
Biology
Undergraduate 1
09/26/2018

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Term
Robert Hooke
Definition
-saw "little boxes"
-Micrographia
Term
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
Definition
-saw tiny "animalcules"
-royal society of London
Term
Robert Brown
Definition
-saw "circular object" (nucleus)
Term
Schleiden and Shwann
Definition
-1st cell theory
-cell theory all organism are composed of cell basis of life
Term
Rudolf Virchow
Definition
-cells come from other cells
Term
Unicellular
Definition
-smallest organism composed of one cell
Term
Multi-cellular
Definition
-largest organism composed of many cells
Term
Microscopes
Definition
-magnify object too small to see with the naked eye
Term
Magnification
Definition
-# of times larger the object appears than the object actually is
Term
Resolution
Definition
-clarity of the image
Term
Light/Compound Microscope
Definition
-uses light to view object
Term
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
Definition
-uses electrons to show a 3 dimensional view of the surface of the object
Term
Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)
Definition
-uses electron to show interior image
Term
Atomic Force Microscope (AFM)
Definition
-Interaction btw the sample and the tip of a scanning probe creates an image
-allows individual atoms to be seen
Term
2 Type of cells
Definition
-prokaryotes
-Eukaryotes
Term
Prokaryotes
Definition
-smallest of all organisms
-no well define nucleus
-ex. Bacteria
Term
Eukaryotes
Definition
-larger in structure
-"true" nucleus
-many organelles
Term
Cell wall
Definition
-outside layer used for protection/shape
-Capsule or slime layer
-plant,bacteria cells
Term
Cell Membrane
Definition
- a phospolipid Bilayer
- Plant,Animal,Bacteria cells
Term
Cytoplasm (cytosol)
Definition
-fluid of the cell
-Plant,animal,bacteria cells
Term
Nucleoid Region
Definition
-Hold genetic information
-bactria
Term
Flagella
Definition
-for movement "found in some"
-prok/bact
Term
Prokaryotes
Definition
-No organelles only ribisome particles
-cell wall
-cell memebrane
-cytoplasm
-nucleoid region
-flagella
Term
Manufacturing
Nucleus (holds genetic info)
Definition
DNA/RNA synthesis
Term
Manufacturing
Nucleolus
Definition
-Assembly of ribosomal subunits
Term
Manufacturing
Ribosomes
Definition
-Protein Synthesis
Term
Manufacturing
Rough ER
Definition
-has ribosomes
-synthesis of membrane lipids and protein
-secretory protein and enzymes
-formation of transport vesicles
Term
Manufacturing
Smooth ER
Definition
-does not have ribosome
-lipid synthesis
-detoxification and Ca ion storage
Term
Manufacturing
Golgi apparatus
Definition
-modification and transport of
macro-molecules
-formation of lysosomes and transport vesicles
Term
Breakdown
Lysosomes
Definition
-digestion of food,microbes,and worn our organelles
-animal cells really in plants
Term
Breakdown
vacuoles
Definition
-digest and storage of chemicals
-cell enlargement and water balance
-found in plants
Term
Breakdown
perioxisome
Definition
-digestion
-animal and plant cell
Term
NRG Processing
Michtocondria (power house energy ATP)
Definition
-Coversion of chemical NRG of food to chemical NRG of ATP
-plant and animal cells
Term
NRG Processing
Chloroplasts (photosynthesis)
Definition
-Coversion of light NRG to chemical NRG of sugar
Term
Cytoskeleton (microfilament,microtubles,intermidiate)
Definition
-mantain shape
-anchors organelles
Term
Cilia and flagella
Definition
-movement
Term
Cell wall
Definition
shape,protection,support, and binding
Term
Plant Cells also include
Definition
-cell wall,chloroplast,and central vacuole
Term
plant cell has
Definition
-cell wall made up of cellulose
-plasmodesmada (channels btw adjancent cells that allow passing of nutrients)
Term
Animal Cells has
Definition
-anchoring juction (adjancent to create strong sheets)
-gap jusction (allow small molecules to pass btw cells.
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