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Biology w/Dr. S
BIOL101 Part 1
110
Biology
Undergraduate 1
06/17/2013

Additional Biology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What are the building blocks of proteins?
Definition
Amino Acids
Term
There are ______ amino acids.
Definition
20
Term

 

What are the building blocks of nucleic acids? 

Definition
Nucleotides
Term

Nucleic acids may comprise _____.

a.) Nucleotide base

b.) Ribose sugar

c.) Deoxyribose sugar

d.) Phosphate

e.) All of the above

Definition

 e.) All of the above

Term
There are ______ nucleotides.
Definition
5
Term

Which one of the following does not belong to lipids?

a.) Cholesterol
b.) Phospholipids
c.) Wax

d.) Triglycerides
e.) Gylcogen

Definition
d.) Glycogen
Term

Which of the following is a disaccharide?

a.) Fructose

b.) Maltose

c.) Amylose

d.) Glucose

e.) Starch

f.) None of the above

Definition
b.) Maltose
Term
Name all three disccahrides.
Definition

1.) Lactose

2.) Maltose

3.) Sucrose

Term
Name the three polysaccharides.
Definition

1.) Cellulose - plants

2.) Starch (such as amylose) - plants

3.) Glycogen - ANIMALS ONLY

Term
Three examples of Carbohydrates.
Definition

1.) Monosaccharides

2.) Disaccharides

3.) Polysaccharides

Term
What are four types of monosaccharides?
Definition

1.) glucose

2.) ribose

3.) fructose

4.) deoxyribose

Term
What are three types of Lipids?
Definition

1.) Fats

2.) Phospholipds

3.) Steroids

Term
What is hydrogenation?
Definition
Partially hydrogenated, taking the unsaturated oil and converting it into a solid
Term

The two types of fats are?

 

Definition

1.) Saturated - Maximum amount of hydrogen (solid)

2.) Unsaturated - Minimum amount of hydrogen (liquid)

Term

Starch is a polysaccharide used for energy storage by ___.

 

Definition
Plants
Term
A denatured protein or DNA molecule has lost its _____.
Definition
Function
Term
The ability to acquire, store, transfer, or utilize energy is called?
Definition
Metabolism
Term
The ability to maintain a constant internal environment is ___.
Definition
Homeostasis
Term
The ability to adjust to the environment throughout generations of organisms is called  _____?
Definition
Adaptation
Term

Which of the following is responsible for the inheritance of traits in living organisms?

a.) RNA

b.) Protein

c.) DNA

d.) Carbohydrates

e.) Money

Definition
c.) DNA
Term

Which is the smallest ____?

a.) Atom

b.) Organelle

c.) Cell

d.) Organ

e.) Tissue

Definition
a.) Atom
Term

Which is the smallest unit of life that can exist as a seperate entity?

a.) Cell
b.) Molecule
c.) Organ
d.) Population
e.) Ecosystem

Definition
a.) Cell
Term

A scientific law or theory is valid ____

a.) forever

b.) as long as a committee of scientists says so

c.) for a certain number of years, after which it is retested

d.) as long as it is not contradicted by new experimental findings

Definition
d.) as long as it is not contradicted by new experimental findings
Term

The "scientific method" is 

a.) A continuing process

b.) A laboratory technique

c.) A way to arrive at ultimate truth

d.) Based on accepted lawas and theories

Definition

a.) A continuing process

 
Term

The control in an experiment ____.

a.) makes the experiment valid

b.) is an additional replicate for statistics

c.) reduces the experimental errors

d.) minimizes experimental inaccuracy

e.) allows a standard of comparison for the experimental group

Definition
e.) allows a standard of comparison for the experimental group
Term

The ability to acquire, store, transfer, or utilize energy is ___.

 

Definition
Metabolism
Term
The ability to maintain a constant internal environment is ____.
Definition
Homeostasis
Term
The ability to adjust to the environment throughout generations of organisms is called ____.
Definition
Adaptation
Term
What is responsible for the inheritance of traits in all living organisms?
Definition
DNA
Term

Which is the smallest?

a.) Atom

b.) Organelle

c.) Cell

d.) Organ

e.) Tissue

Definition
a.) Atom
Term

Which is the smallest unit of life tha can exist as a separate entity?

a.) Cell

b.) Molecule

c.) Organ

d.) Population

e.) Ecosystem

 

Definition
a.) Cell
Term

True or False

All living things reproduce themselves using information in DNA?

 

Definition
True
Term

True or False

Tissues are made up of organs.

Definition

 

False

Term

True or False

All living things can move.

 

Definition
False
Term

True or False

Homeostasis requires two general steps: sense and respond.

Definition
True
Term
Which is the smallest portion of a substance that retains the properties of an element?
Definition
Atom
Term
The subatomic particle that is NOT in the nucleus is ____.
Definition
Electrons
Term
Which components of an atom are negatively charged?
Definition
Electrons
Term
The nucleus of an atom contains ____.
Definition
Neutrons and Protons
Term

Isotopes have different numbers of  _____.

 

Definition
Neutrons
Term
What is formed when an atom loses or gains an electron?
Definition
Ion
Term
The chemical symbol "H" represents ____.
Definition
Hydrogen
Term
What is the name of this atom 167N?
Definition
Nitrogen 16
Term

What is the number of this atom 167N?

Definition
16
Term

What is the atomic number of this atom 167N?

Definition
7
Term

What is the nubmer of neutrons for this atom 167N?

Definition
9
Term

What is the number of electrons for this atom 167N?

Definition
7
Term
Is this atom an ion? 67N
Definition
No
Term
Isotopes have different number of _____.
Definition
Neutrons
Term

Which components of an atom are negatively charged?

 

Definition
Electrons
Term
The nucleus of an atom contains ____.
Definition
Neutrons and Protons
Term
A chemical bond in which electrons are shared between two atoms is called ____.
Definition
Covalent Bond
Term
What is formed when an atom loses or gains an electron?
Definition
Ion
Term
Different elements always have different numbers of ____.
Definition
Protons
Term
Write names and their chemical symbols of four elements taht are most abundant in the human body.
Definition

1.) Oxygen - O

2.) Hydrogen - H

3.) Carbon - C

4.) Nitrogen - N

Term

What is the atomic number for the atomic species 23492U?

Definition
92
Term

What is the mass number for the atomic species 23492U?

Definition
234
Term

What is the number of electrons for the atomic species 23492U?

Definition
92
Term

What is the number of protons for the atomic species 23492U?

Definition
92
Term

What is the number of neutrons for the atomic species 23492U?

Definition
142
Term
Which part of an atom is THE MOST IMORTANT for determining if a chemicla reaction takes place or not?
Definition
Electrons
Term
Which part of an atom is THE MOST IMPORTANT for determing physical properties of an element?
Definition
Protons?
Term

The pH value of 8 indicates that the substance is a(n) ___.

 

Definition
Base
Term

Which product is acidic?

a.) Lysol

b.) Liquid Plumber

c.) Baking Soda

d.) Water

e.) Orange

Definition
E.) Orange
Term
The pH in the cell is kept near a value of 7 because of ____.
Definition
Buffers
Term

Which of the following are "building blocks" of carbohydrates?

a.) Monosaccharides

b.) Nucleotides

c.) Glycerols

d.) Fats

e.) Amino Acids

Definition
a.) Monosaccharides
Term

The synthesis of large molecules from small repeating units is accomplished by _____.

 

Definition
Dehydration
Term
Glycogen is a polysaccharide used for energy storage by ___.
Definition
Animals
Term
Cellulose is what type of Carbohydrate and what is it used for?
Definition

Polysaccharide

Structural Material in Plants

Term
Starch is what type of Carbohydrate and what is it used for?
Definition

Polysaccharide

Storage form in Plants

Term
Name three examples of Carbohydrates.
Definition

1.) Monosaccharides

2.) Disaccharides

3.) Polysaccharides

Term
Name four types of Monosaccahrides.
Definition

1.) Glucose

2.) Fructose

3.) Ribose

4.) Dexoyribose

Term

Name three types of Disaccahrides.

Definition

1.) Lactose

2.) Maltose

3.) Sucrose - put in coffee

Term

Name three types of Polysaccahrides.

Definition

1.) Cellulose

2.) Starch

3.) Glycogen

Term
Name the four Macromolecules.
Definition

1.) Carbohydrates

2.) Lipids

3.) Proteins

4.) Nucleic Acid

Term
Name the monomer "building blocks" of carbohydrates.
Definition
Monosaccharides
Term
Name the monomer "building blocks" of Lipids.
Definition
Fatty Acids
Term
Name the monomer "building blocks" of Proteins.
Definition
Amino Acids
Term
Name the monomer "building blocks" of Nucleic Acids.
Definition
Nucleotides
Term
Give one example of carbohydrate-monoasccharide.
Definition
Fructose
Term
Give one example of a lipid-fatty acid.
Definition
Vegetable Oil
Term
Give one example of a protein-amino acid.
Definition

Hemoglobin

Insulin

Term
Give an example of a nucleic acid-nucleotide.
Definition

DNA

RNA

Term
What is a hydrogen bond?
Definition
An attractive force that involves a hydrogen atom and an oxygen or a nitrogen atom that are either in two different molecules or within the same molecule.
Term

Which compound is hydrophobic?

a.) soap

b.) table sugar

c.) olive oil

d.) vinegar

e.) table salt

Definition
c.) olive oil
Term
An example of an organic compound. (contains carbon and hyrdogen)
Definition
DNA
Term
There are ____ amino acids.
Definition
20
Term

Nucleic acids may comprise of

a.) nucleotide base

b.) ribose sugar

c.) deoxyribose sugar

d.) phosphate 

e.) all of the above

Definition
e.) all of the above
Term

Which of the following is a disaccharide?

a.) fructose

b.) maltose

c.) amylose

d.) glucose

e.) starch

f.) none of the above

Definition

b.) maltose

 

Term
There are ____ nucleotides.
Definition
5
Term

Which one of the following does NOT belong to lipids?

a.) cholesterol

b.) phosphate

c.) wax

d.) triglycerides

e.) glycogen

Definition
e.) glycogen
Term

Which of the following is a disaccharide?

a.) fructose 

b.) maltose 

c.) amylose

d.) glucose

e.) starch

f.) none of the above

Definition
b.) maltose
Term

A denatured protein or DNA molecule has lost its __.

a.) hydrogen bond

b.) shape

c.) function

d.) all of these

e.) none of these

Definition
d.) all of these
Term

Starch is a polysaccharide used for energy storage by ___.

 

Definition
Plants
Term

When a hen's egg is cooked for breakfast, which of the following statements does not apply?

a.) High temp breaks the hydrogen bonds.

b.) Gentle cooling will reverse the denaturation that has occured.

c.) The covalent bonds are not broken.

d.) Denaturation has resulted in change from "runny" to "semi-solid."

Definition

b.) Gentle cooling will reverse the denaturation that has occured.

 
Term
There are ____ essential amino acids.
Definition
9
Term

Which of the following is a disaccharide?

a.) lactose

b.) ribose

c.) amylose

d.) glucose

e.) starch

f.) none of these

Definition
a.) lactose
Term
Glycogen is a polysaccharide used for energy storage by ____.
Definition
Animals
Term
Name the four types of Membrane Proteins.
Definition

1.) Transport Protein

2.) Receptor Protein

3.) Recognition Protein

4.) Adhesion Protein

Term
This type of membrane protein goes through lipid bilayers, able to open to both sides, and change shape.
Definition
Transport Protein
Term
What is a concentration gradient?
Definition

Number of molecules /ions in one region is different than in another region

In the absence of other forces a substance moves from a region

Term
Energy is required for this type of protein transport.
Definition
Active Transport
Term
This type of protein transport goes AGAINST the concentration gradient.
Definition
Active Transport
Term
This type of protein transport can only move one way.
Definition
Active Transport
Term
This type of protein transport pumps a side with fewer solutes to a side with more solutes (lower to higher).
Definition
Active Transport
Term
Exocytosis and Endocytosis falls under what protein transport?
Definition
Bulk Transport
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