Term
| What are proteins composed of? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why can't humans break down cellulose? |
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Definition
| We are unable to break the bonds |
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Term
| What are the steps of the Scientific Method? |
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Definition
- observation
- generalization
- hypothesis
- testing/data collection
- results/analysis
- rejection/acceptance
- re-evaluate
- start over
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Term
| The third shell of an atom holds how many electrons: |
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Definition
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Term
What is life?
(What does our bodies do?) |
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Definition
Living things are:
- composed of cells (at least one)
- organized into cells and other parts
- perform chemical reactions
- obtain energy from surroundings
- respond to their environments
- perform homeostasis
- grow, develop, and change over lifetime
- reproduce
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Term
| What are complex carbohydrates? |
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Definition
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Term
| If an atom has an atomic number of 8, how many protons and electrons does the atom have? |
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Definition
| 8 protons and 8 electrons |
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Term
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Definition
| bursting of red blood cells |
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Term
| What are monosaccharides? |
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Definition
| Single molecules of sugar (ex. glucose, fructose, etc.) |
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Term
| Elements are composed of: |
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Definition
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Term
| Molecules conatin what type of groups? |
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Definition
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Term
| The second shell of an atom holds how many electrons? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| When the cell membrane shrivels up. (when the extracellular solution is hypertonic) |
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Term
| How many electrons does the inner shell of an electron hold? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the purpose of the cell membrane? |
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Definition
| The cell membrane keeps the contents intact, or together and regulates what enters and leaves the cell. |
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Term
What are electron shells?
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Definition
| Electron shells are rings around the cell that hold electrons. |
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Term
| What are mostly empty space with most "mass" in the nucleus? |
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Definition
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Term
| An ionic bond is formed when atoms: |
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Definition
| gain or lose electron(s), when an atom gains an electron it has a negative charge, when an atom loses an electron it has a positive charge. |
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Term
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Definition
| The diffusion of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane.(Moving water to where there is less water to make equal. -osmosis strives for balance) |
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Term
What is the most abundant of the large biological molecules.
-produced by plants during photosyntheses.
-fundamental energy storage molecules
-plants and animals use as building material |
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Definition
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Term
| What is composed of protons, electrons, and neutrons? |
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Definition
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Term
| Certain things can cross and other things cannot. What is this describing? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Clings to other surfaces due to polarity (polar molecules love polar molecules) |
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Term
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Definition
| Clings to self due to hydrogen bonds (water clings to itself) |
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Term
| There are 2 types of scientific studies: Manipulation and control of variables describes: |
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Definition
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Term
| There are 2 types of scientific studies: no variable manipulation (used to describe systems) describes: |
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Definition
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Term
| An atom that differs in numbe of protons and neutrons is called: |
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Definition
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Term
| An atom with incomplete outermost shell means: |
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Definition
| that it is unstable= reactive, which means that it is more likely to join together with another atom that is unstable. |
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Term
| What is a type of large carbohydrates? |
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Definition
- whole grain pasta
- rice
- bread
- potatoes
- corn
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Term
| If the outermost shell of an atom is full, is the atom stable or reactive? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a hydrophobic molecule? |
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Definition
| a molecule that don't like water |
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Term
| If the outermost shell is full, how many electrons does it have? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many electrons does the outermost shell of an atom hold? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do plants store carbohydrates as? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Maintenance of "normal" conditions through self-regulating mechanisms. (ex. body keeping normal temp=shivering) |
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Term
| What are the 2 types of carbohydrates? |
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Definition
| Simple and Complex Carbohydrates |
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Term
What has a basic structure plan?
(Like human bodies) |
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Definition
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Term
| ______ groups are small groups of atoms, having unique jobs. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a hydrophillic molecule? |
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Definition
| molecules that love water |
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Term
| What do animals sote complex carbohydrates as? |
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Definition
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Term
| A hypotonic solution is a solution that has a _______ solute. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a polysaccharide? |
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Definition
| many monosaccharide subunits joined together |
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Term
| What is molecule degradation? |
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Definition
| Breaking down into smaller units. |
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Term
| What is the use of complex carbohydrates? |
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Definition
| A longer energy burst that will last throughout the day. |
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Term
| What are the 4 organic macromolecule groups that compromise all 4 organisms? |
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Definition
- Carbohydrates
- Proteins
- Lipids
- Nucleic Acids
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Term
| Any substance occupying space and having mass is: |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Build up form smaller sub-units. |
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Term
| Molecules sub-units ______ after dehydration. (removal of water). |
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Definition
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Term
| sub-units ____ after hydrolysis reaction (addtion of water). |
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Definition
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Term
| The part that makes the solute dissolve. |
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Definition
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Term
| bacteria that have no membrane-bound nucleus? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of charge does a proton have? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What type of charge does a neutron have? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of charge does an electron have? |
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Definition
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Term
| When the solution is ___ it is equal and healthy. |
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Definition
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Term
| When the solution is ____ it has a higher solute. |
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Definition
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Term
| Diffusion of solute across a semipermeable membrane is: |
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Definition
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Term
| A bond between 2 molecules is what type of bond? |
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| The process of examination is called: |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| The scientific method is also called what type of process? |
|
Definition
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Term
| The process of formulating and testing a hypothesis is what type of process? |
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Definition
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Term
| The entire process of scientific method is to eliminate ___ (A)____. We want ___(B)____. |
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Definition
A-objectivity
B-Subjectivity |
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Term
| A membrane-bound nucleus and organelles is: |
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Definition
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Term
| When atoms share one or more atoms, what type of bond is formed? |
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Definition
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Term
| What dissolves in a solution: |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the atomic number? |
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Definition
| number of protons in the nucleus |
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Term
| concentration of a solution: more solute concentration= |
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Definition
| less H2O molecule solution |
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Term
| Concentration of a solution: less solute concentration= |
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Definition
| more H2O molecule solution |
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Term
| chains of many amino acids joined together: |
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Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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Term
| A molecule that is negative on one end and positive on the other end. |
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Definition
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Term
| Molecules having both hydrophillic and hydrophobic molecules. (one end of the molecule is polar/other end is non-polar) |
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Definition
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Term
| liquid substance-1 substance dissolved into something else |
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Definition
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Term
| Movement of molecules from a place where those molecules are abundant (large amount) to where there are less of those molecules. |
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Definition
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Term
| Water being absorbed into a napkin is what type of action: |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 3 terms of tonicity? (describing the concentration of 2 solutions) (intracellular vs. extracellular) |
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Definition
- Isotonic
- Hypertonic
- Hpotonic
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Term
| What are long glucose chains? |
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Definition
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Term
| The structure of macromolecules are based on ____. |
|
Definition
| hydrocarbon chains or carbon rings |
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Term
| two or more atoms joined together (through bonding) composed of the same type of atoms. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the use of simple carbohydrates? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Glucose is most important because it drives biochemical reactions
-composed of monosaccharide subunits
-glucose+fructose=sucrose (table sugar)
-easily broken down for a quick energy boost |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Many monosaccharide subunits joined together. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are complex carbohydrates composed of? |
|
Definition
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