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Biology - Semester 1
N/A
36
Biology
9th Grade
12/10/2011

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Term
Atom
Definition
Basic unit of matter
Term
Solvent
Definition
The liquid that a solute dissolves into
Term
Solute
Definition
Substance being dissolved in the solvent
Term
Chemical Bond
Definition
Atoms joining together by the interaction of electons
Term
Electron
Definition
Negatively charged particles that interact so atoms an form bonds
Term
Element
Definition
Substance make of only one kind of atom
Term
Enzyme
Definition
Proteins that speed up chemical reactions that end in "ase"
Term
Compound/Molecule
Definition
Group of elements joined in a specific proportion
Term
Amino Acid
Definition
Group of macromolecules used for main source of energy
Term
Nucleic Acid
Definition
group of macromolecules used for heredity
Term
Protein
Definition
Group of macromolecules used for muscles, cell membranes, fighting disease
Term
Carbohydrate
Definition
Group of macromolecules used for main cell membrane structure and for energy storage
Term
Lipid
Definition
Building blocks of proteins
Term
Nucleotide
Definition
building blocks of DNA or RNA
Term
Macromolecule
Definition
Large biological molecules
Term
Cell
Definition
The basic unit of all forms of life
Term
Cell membrane
Definition
A thin, flexible barrier composed of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates, located around the cell; controls what goes in and out of the cell.
Term
Cell wall
Definition
Strong layer around the cell membrane that provides structure in plants
Term
Nucleus
Definition
Large structure that contains the cell's genetic info.
Term
Cytoplasm
Definition
Main structural component of the cell membrane
Term
Prokaryote
Definition
An organism whose cells don't contain a nucleus nor membrane-bound organelles
Term
Eukaryote
Definition
An organism whose cell contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
Term
Organelle
Definition
Specialized structures within a cell that preform important cell functions
Term
Chloroplast
Definition
Uses energy from sunlight to make sugars (food)
Term
Mitochondria
Definition
Modifies chemical energy from food to usable forms of energy; powerhouse
Term
Phospholipid
Definition
Fluid material inside the cell membrane
Term
Bacteria
Definition
An example of a prokaryote
Term
Ribosome
Definition
The place where proteins are assembled/made
Term
Chromatids
Definition
Condensed form of DNA that are visible under the microscope
Term
Centromere
Definition
Attaches the two sister chromatids in the center
Term
Interphase
Definition
Longest phase of the cell cycle, includes G1, S and G2 phases
Term
Stem Cell
Definition
A cell that can differentiate into other types of cells
Term
Mitosis
Definition
Process of cell division that produces 2 identical daughter cells
Term
Cytokinesis
Definition
Cytoplasm pinches in half
Term
Prophase
Definition
First phase of mitosis - chromosomes condense
Term
Telophase
Definition
Last phase of mitosis, chromsomes gather at opposite ends & two nuclear membranes form
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