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Biology Review
This is a review of major biology concepts. Material will be added as we progress throughout the year.
18
Biology
9th Grade
08/14/2016

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Term
Macromolecule (biomolecules)
Definition
A large molecule (the prefix macro means large). The four major macromolecules are proteins, lipids (or fats), carbohydrates, and nucleic acids.
Term
carbohydrates
Definition
Macromolecules composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. They provide short-term energy, structural support for cell walls and cell membranes
Term
lipids (fats)
Definition
Macromolecules that are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. They provide long term energy, structural support in cell membranes, provide insulation (store heat), and serve as as starting materials (reactants) for metabolic reactions (chemical reactions in living things).
Term
proteins
Definition
Macromolecules composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. They provide cell structure, help muscle and cytoskeleton functions, and serve as enzymes (they speed up reactions).
Term
nucleic acids
Definition
Macromolecules that are made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorous. They store genetic information in the cell.
Term
enzymes
Definition
proteins that help speed up reactions
Term
monomer
Definition
molecules that bind to other molecules to form larger molecules. You can think of them as building blocks or Legos.
Term
organic molecules
Definition
Molecules that contain carbon
Term
[image]
Definition
carbohydrate
Term
[image]
Definition
lipid or fat
Term
[image]
Definition
nucleotide - a momomer (or subunit) or nucleic acids
Term
[image]
Definition
protein
Term
independent variable
Definition
a variable that doesn't change in an experiment. It may creates a change in the dependent variable.
Term
dependent variable
Definition
the variable you measure in an experiment. It changes as a result of the independent variable.
Term
hypothesis
Definition
a proposed explanation for an unexplained observation or problem
Term
problem
Definition
the first step in the scientific method. It is an unexplained observation that is to be tested.
Term
experiment
Definition
the step in the scientific method that tests the hypothesis
Term
conclusion
Definition
the step in the scientific method that analyzes the experiment data in order to determine whether or not the hypothesis was accurate
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