Term
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the characteristics that distinguish living organisms from nonliving matter. |
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Definition
Characteristics of life: Reproducing, growth/repair/development, respond to stimuli, organized(cells), metabolism(requires energy), adapt/evolve, homeostasis
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| Understand and define the hierarchical categorization of living matter from atoms to the biosphere. |
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Definition
Atoms: smallest unit of matter that retains all properties of an element
Molecules: Chemical structure made of two or more atoms
Organelles: small function parts or units of cells
Cell: smallest unit capable of life, determines structure/function of life
Tissue: group of similar cells that work together
Organ: two or more tissues that carry out a particular function in the body
Organ system: team of organs that cooperate to complete a specific function
Organism: single member of a given species
Population: all members of the species within a given area
Community: al populations in a given area
Ecosystem: all communities within an area along with all non-living components they interact w/
Biosphere: all environments on earth inhabited by life |
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| Compare and Contrast the three domains of life and describe how each may have acquired traits of the other during early evolution. |
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Definition
Bacteria: prokaryotic, unicellular
Archea: prokaryotic, unicellular
Eukarya: eukaryotic, uni-multicellular: four kingdoms; protista, fungi plante, aminalia |
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| Understand the general taxonomy and classification of life and recognize the proper use of binomial nomenclature. |
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Definition
Life-Human Binomial Nomenclature:
Domain-eukarya Genus species
kingdom-amimalia Homo sapies=human
Phylum-chordata mus musculus= mouse
class- mamalia
order-primates
family-homoindae
genus-homo
sepecies- sapiens
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Term
| Define and understand the concepts of genomes and proteomes. |
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Definition
Genome: the complete genetic composition of an organism every cell has information about proteome
Proteome: entire composition of proteins made in a cell or organism. |
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Term
| Describe the types of reasoning used by biologists |
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Definition
Discovery based science- observational/descriptive does not need a hypothesis
Hypothesis-driven: needs pre-conceived hypothesis |
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Term
| Compare and contrast qulitative versus quantitative data. |
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Definition
Qualitative: factual
Quantitative: numbers |
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Term
| Identify and apply the steps of the scientific method. |
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Definition
Make an observation about a natural phenomena ( living organism)
Form a hypothesis: testable, predictions, falsifiable
Design and conduct experiments
Collect and analyze data(statistical analysis)
Accept/reject hypothesis and draw conclusion
Contribute results to/with othersà presentation, peer review publication |
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Term
| Demonstrate how to formulate a hypothesis. |
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Definition
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Term
| Give an example of knowledge gained through a combination of discovery-based science and hypothesis (use book and in-class examples) |
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Definition
The study of cystic fibrosis is an example of both discovery based science and hypothesis testing have provided info on nature of the disease |
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Term
| Use the term Data properly in a sentence. |
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Definition
Data are, datum is
The datum is correct |
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Term
| Recognize that the scientific method can never prove a hypothesis |
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Definition
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Term
| List or identify the most common elements of life. |
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Definition
1. Carbon
2. Nitrogen
3. Oxygen
4. Hydrogen
They make up 96% of mass of living things |
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Term
| Understand subatomic structure, including how electron density affects an atom's ability to interact with another atom. |
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Definition
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Term
| Understand, recognize, and/or explain the concept of atomic valence versus valence electrons. |
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Definition
Atomic valence: home many electrons are missing from to complete the octet rule also tells us how many chemical bonds a chemical bond can form
Valence electrons: found in the outermost shell (group #) |
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Term
| Compare and contrast interactions between atoms known as covalent, ionic, and hydrogen bonds. |
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Definition
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Term
| Explain the term electronegativity and its role in the formation of polar and non-polar covalent bonds. |
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Definition
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Term
| Relate how the structure of water leads to hydrogen bonds. |
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Definition
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Term
| Be able to Draw Label two water water molecules hydrogen bonding to one another. |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe how hydrogen bonding determines many properties of water. |
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Definition
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Term
| Recognize and explain the emergent properties of water and their relevance to living systems. |
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Definition
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Term
| Compare and contrast the terms hydrophobic versus hydrophilic. |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the properties of water that make it an ideal solvent for biological reactions. |
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Definition
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Term
| Understand the dissociation products of water and how they relate to pH. |
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Definition
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Term
| Explain the nature of acids and bases, and their relationship to the pH scale. |
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Definition
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| Understand and Explain the importance of biological buffers in maintaining homeostasis in living organisms. |
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Definition
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Term
| Define and explain the term organic molecule as it is used in chemistry. |
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Definition
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Term
| Explain the importance of carbon's atomic valence and molecular shape/structure to form diverse organic molecules. |
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Definition
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Term
Be able to list, identify, and/or explain the mechanisms that allow for the vast amount of diversity and variation of organic molecules; they include:
1. arrangement of atoms around a carbon skeleton.
2. The ability to form isomers.
3. The addition of functional groups. |
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Definition
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Term
| Be able to identify, recognize, label/name, and/or describe the major functional groups used in organic molecules. |
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Definition
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Term
| Define the terms monomer and polymer. |
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Definition
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Term
Describe how monomers of each class of biological molecule are brought together to form the macromolecule (polymer).
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Term
| Appreciate the variety and chemical characteristic of common functional groups of organic compunds. |
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Definition
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Term
| Identify, List, and Recognize, and/or explain the major structure and function of eachy of the four major classes of biological molecules of life. |
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Definition
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Term
| Carbohydrates:name/identify the different forms; relate the structure of polysaccharides to their function. |
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Definition
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| Lipids: Understand the structure of triglycerides; Explain how fats function as energy-storage molecules; apply knowledge of the structure of phospholipids to the formation of membranes. |
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Definition
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| Proteins: Describe the possible levels of protein structure;understand the relationship between amino acid sequence and their 3-D structure; give examples of different proteins and the general types of functions they carry out in a cell. |
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Definition
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Term
| Nucleic Acids: Describe the structure of nucleotides; compare and contrast the structures of DNA and RNA; explain the functions of DNA and RNA. |
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Definition
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