Term
|
Definition
Moss antheridium(male) on gametophyte-nothing sticking up
Bryophyte Clade (Seedless, nonvascular, spores disperse species) |
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Term
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Definition
Moss Archegonium (female) Gametophytes-nothing sticks up
Bryophyte Clade (seedless, nonvascular, spores disperse species) |
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Term
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Definition
Moss
(not sticking out)Gametophyte Dominate Generation
Gametophyte dioecious
(sticking out)Sporophyte dependent on female(archigonia) gametophyte |
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Term
|
Definition
Liverwort Gemma
Gametophytes- gemma cups w/ gemma
Sporophyte- young sporophyte is on underside of female gametophyte
Bryophyte Clade(seedless, nonvascular, and Gametophyte dominant and dioecious) |
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Term
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Definition
Strobilus
Tracheophyte(have vascular tissue)
Lycophyte Clade(club mosses) have lycophylls(leaves w/ 1 rib of vascular tissue) |
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Term
|
Definition
Hornwort
Bryophyte Clade (seedless, nonvascular, spores disperse species, and Gametophyte dominant generation and dioecious) |
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Term
|
Definition
Archigonia (female gametophyte
Antheridium (male gametophyte)
Kingdom Viridiplantae |
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Term
|
Definition
Liverwort
Clade: Bryophyte(seedless, non vascular)
Gametophyte(Dominant and dioecious have gemma cups with gemma)
Sporophyte(On underside of female gametophyte)
Kingdom Viridiplantae |
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Term
|
Definition
Liverwort sporophytes
The sporophyte are under the archigonium(female gametophyte)
Kingdom Viridiplantae |
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Term
|
Definition
Chara
Charophyte Clade
Gave rise to land plants
Kingdom Viridiplantae |
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Term
|
Definition
Coleochaete
Charophyte Clade
"disk like"
Kingdom Viridiplantae |
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Term
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Definition
Cladophora
Charophhyte clade
courser and branches
Kingdom Viridiplantae |
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Term
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Definition
Volvox
Chlorophyte Clade
Colonial, e flagella (large dots where green on slide)
Kingdom Viridiplantae |
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Term
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Definition
Ulva "sea lettuce"
Charophyte clade
haplodiplontic life cycle
Kingdom Viridiplantae |
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Term
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Definition
Spirogyra
Charophyte Clade
Spiral chloroplasts and unbranched
Kingdom Viridiplantae |
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Term
|
Definition
Chlamydomonas
Chlorophyte Clade
unicellular, on large chloroplast, motile
"moving green dots"
Kingdom Viridiplantae |
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Term
|
Definition
Lichens-symbionts-fungus(inner) and autotroph(near outside)
Kingdom Fungi |
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Term
|
Definition
Saccharomyces(Yeast)-red dots
Phylum Ascomycota
Kingdom Fungi |
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Term
|
Definition
Peziza(8 ascospores)
Phylum Ascomycota
Kingdom Fungi |
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Term
|
Definition
Penicillium- on the outside of cell
Phylum Ascomycota
Kingdom Fungi |
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Term
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Definition
Aspergillus Conidia-fuzzy like dandilion
Phylum Ascomycota
Kingdom Fungi |
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Term
|
Definition
Mushroom gills- red dots allong outside.
Basidiospores produced on outside
Phylum Basidiomycota
Kingdom Fungi |
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Term
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Definition
Geaster-"earth star"
Phylum Basidiomycota
Kingdom Fungi |
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Term
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Definition
Endotrophic mycorrhiza
Phylum Glomeromycota
Kingdom Fungi |
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Term
|
Definition
Rhizopus sporangium(bread mold)
Phylum Zygomycota
Kingdom Fungi |
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Term
|
Definition
Neocallimastigomycota-flagellated zoospores, digest plant biomass in herbivores rumens
Kingdom Fungi |
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Term
|
Definition
Allomyces gametophyte
Phylum Blastocladiomycota
Kingdom Fungi |
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Term
|
Definition
Allomyces sporophyte
Phylum Blastocladiomycota
Kingdom Fungi |
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Term
|
Definition
Chytridomycota-most ancestral
-amphibeans deaths
Kingdom Fungi |
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Term
|
Definition
Slime molds-exhibit group behavior,
plasmodial slime mold-multinucleated ozzing mass, saprotrophic, spore-forming
Kingdom Protista |
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Term
|
Definition
Foraminifera- heterptrophic, pore-studded shells(tests)reinforces w/CaCO3, sand, ect.
Created huge limestone deposits
Amoeba
Kingdom Protista |
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Term
|
Definition
Rhizopoda-true amoebas
pseudopodia; actin and myosin
Kingdom Protista |
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Term
|
Definition
Choanoflagellate-possible animal ancestors
single emergent flagellum; surrounded by funnel-shaped contractile collar with closely-spaced filaments(exactly like sponges)
Kingdom Protista |
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Term
|
Definition
Red algae- lacks flagella and centrioles, warm marine waters Phycobilisomes-contain red pigment
where we get agar
Rhodophyta
Kingdom Protista |
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Term
|
Definition
Water mold- parasites os saprobes; motile spores, 2 unequal flagella
potatoe blight-Irish potatoe famine
Stramenopila
Kingdom Protista |
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Term
|
Definition
Diatoms- unicellular, double shells made of silica, photosynthetic
Stramenopila
Kingdom Protista |
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Term
|
Definition
Brown Algae-large, seaweed, kelp
Stramenopila
Kingdom Protista |
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Term
|
Definition
Vorticella-heterotrophic, unicellular
Alveolata-Ciliates
Kingdom Protista |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Paramecium-heterotrophic, unicellular
"clearish moving 'fish'"
Alveolata-ciliates
Kingdom Protista |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Plasmodium-transmitted by mosquitos; causes malaria, inside red blood cells
Alveolata- Apicomplexans=spore-forming parasites of animals
Kingdom Protista |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Trichomas vaginalis- STD vaginitis "little purple dots"
Parabasalids-undulating membranes-assist in locomotion; flagella, lack mitochondria(derived)
Kingdom Protista |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Trypanosoma-disease-causing--gets in blood
African sleeping sickness, Leishmaniasis, Chagas disease
Eglenozoa-Kinetoplastids=parasitic, unique, single mitochondrion in each cell, 2 types of circular DNA
Kingdom Protista |
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Term
|
Definition
Trichonympha-in guts of termites
Parabasalids-Undulating membranes-assist in locomotion; flagella, lack mitochondria(derived)
Kingdom Protista |
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Term
|
Definition
Giardia intestinalis-causes giardiases
Diplomonads-unicellular, move w/ flagella; 2 nuclei, lack mitochondria (derived) unlikely to represent an early protist. |
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Term
|
Definition
Euglena-May have ingested green algae "moving green boats"
Euglenozoa-Some acquired chloroplasts through endosymbiosis;others heterotrphic
Free-living- among the earliest eukaryotes to pocess mitochondria, anterior flagellum, some have chloroplasts, helical, flexible proteinaceous-Pellicle- lies in plasma membrane
Kingdom Protista |
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Term
|
Definition
Ceratium-purple on slide
Alveolata-Dinoflagellate=photosynthesize; 2 flagella, plates made of cellulose-like maerial often with cilia encase the cells; grooves house the flagella-one encircles cell, other perpendicular
Kingdom Protista |
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Term
|
Definition
Oscillatoria-hair-like "see cells"
Cyanobacteria
Kingdom/Domain Bacteria-prokaryotic(no nucleus, no organelles), peptidoglycan in cell wall; side chains n phospholipids are fatty acids attached to glycerol by ester linkages |
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Term
|
Definition
Nostoc-"beads"
Cyanobacteria
Kingdom/Domain Bacteria-prokaryotic(no nucleus, no organelles), peptidoglycan in cell wall; side chains n phospholipids are fatty acids attached to glycerol by ester linkages |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Merismopedia-"square"
Cyanobacteria
Kingdom/Domain Bacteria-prokaryotic(no nucleus, no organelles), peptidoglycan in cell wall; side chains n phospholipids are fatty acids attached to glycerol by ester linkages |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Gloeocapsa-"Blue dyed 'eggs'"
Cyanobacteria
Kingdom/Domain Bacteria-prokaryotic(no nucleus, no organelles), peptidoglycan in cell wall; side chains n phospholipids are fatty acids attached to glycerol by ester linkages |
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Term
|
Definition
Corn Seed Parts
Anthophyta-Angiosperms
seed-mature OVULE that includes seed coat, a food supply and an embryo.
Kingdom Viridiplantae |
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Term
|
Definition
Bean Seed Parts
Antheophyta-Angiosperms
Kingdom Viridiplantae |
|
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Term
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anther-looks like butterfly |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Flower Structure
Peduncle, Receptacle, Sepals;Calyx, Petals;corolla, Stamens;filament and anther, pistil-carpel(s); ovary, style, stigma, Ovules |
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Term
|
Definition
gnetum
Gnetophyta-Many characteristics of floering plants=gave rise to angiosperms
Gymnosperms |
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Term
|
Definition
Ephedra
Gnetophyta-Many characteristics of floering plants=gave rise to angiosperms
Gymnosperms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
welwitschia
Gnetophyta-Many characteristics of flowering plants=gave rise to angiosperms
Gymnosperms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pine seeds
Evolution of seeds very important and reason seed plants dominate today-allows sporophyte inside seed to remain dormant until conditions are favorable for growth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ovulate cone slide-on the side |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| ovulate cone year 2-time of fertilization |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| ovulate cone year 1-time of pollination |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Pollen grain-male
blue, yellow, pink dots |
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Coniferophyta-cone-bearing plants
Life cycle- Megaspore mother cell, microspore mother cell, microspores, megaspores, pollen tube, tube cell, generative cell, ect. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Ginkgo biloba- one species, swimming sperm; dioecious tree; females produce smell and fleshy seeds; from China
Ginkgophyta |
|
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Term
|
Definition
cycads-cone in center; dioecious; swimming sperm; fleshy seeds
Cycadophyta |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Fern Sporophyte "sticks out of gametophyte"
Euphyllophyte/Pterophyte-seedless, vascular, true leaves |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Fern gametophyte(prothallus) monoecious. Identify 3 labels
Euphyllophyte/Pterophyte-seedless, vascular, true leaves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Fern sori- brown dots under leaf
Euphyllophyte/Pterophyte-seedless, vascular, true leaves |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Equisetum-horsetails
only extant genus; silica deposits in epidermal cells
Euphyllophyte/Pterophyte-seedless, vascular, true leaves |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Psilotum-Whisk ferns
Lack leaves and roots; homosporous
Euphyllophyte/Pterophyte-seedless, vascular, true leaves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Selaginella-heterosporous club mosses
Tracheophyte(vascular tissue) Lycophyte- Have lycophylls(leaves w/ one rib of vascular tissue) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Lycopodium- Have true roots (rhizomes), stems and leaves.
Tracheophyte(vascular tissue) Lycophyte- Have lycophylls(leaves w/ one rib of vascular tissue) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Mammalia- mammals
Hair, mammary glands to nurse young and placenta to nourish developing embryo.
Endothermic-can physiologically control body temperature.
Monotremes-eggs
Marsupials-pouched
Placental- placenta
Deuterostome clade |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Aves- birds- also considered reptilia
Feathers, scales
Modification for flight-holloe bones, air sacs in bones, keel-shaped sternum, keen sight
Endothermic- can physiologically control body temperature.
Deuterostome clade |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Reptilia-snakes, alligators, crocs(said with an Australian accent), turtles, lizards
First vertebrates to be completely independent of water. Lay leathery-shelled eggs. Scales--keep them from drying out, protectionEctothermic-cannot physiologically control body temperature
No skin glands
Deuterostome clade |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Amphibia-salamanders, frogs and toads, caecilians
tetrapods, skin glands(slimy), gas exchange through skin, lining of mouth, gills, lungs
First vertebrates to move onto land but are tied to water for reproduction
Deuterostome clade |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Sarcopterygii-lobe-finned fishes
Coelacanths-7 lobed fins, nocturna; predators on fish
Lungfishes-bony fishes, 4 limbs which are similar in structure and position of those of tetrapods
Deuterostome clade |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Actinopterygii-ray-finned fishes-catfish, bream, bass, tuna, swordfish, ect.
Bony fishes, gill slits as adults
Deuterostome clade |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Chondrichthyes-cartilaginous fishes-Sharks, skates, rays
First vertebrates to evolve jaws
Notochord and gill slits as adults
Deuterostome clade |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Cephalaspidomorphi-lampreys
Jawless fishes; parasitic on fishes
Deuterostome clade |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Myxini(class)-hagfishes
Craniate clade
jawles fishes, have no vertebral colum-only a cranium. First "vertebtates" to evolve followed by lampreys. Parasitic on fishes
Deuterostome clade |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Cephalachordata-Branchiostoma(lancelets)
Shallow, marine waters, lack true head; bilateral symmetry. mouth encircled by tentacles, filter feeders. Adults have all 4 shordate characteristics
Deuterostome clade |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Urochordata-sea squirts, tunicates
Adults are barrel-shaped; larvae are tadpole-like. Adults secrete a tunic of cellulose. no head
Deuterostome clade |
|
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Term
|
Definition
HemichordataAcorn worms
MArine, ring of cilia around mouth; larvae resemble echinoderm larvae
Deuterostome clade |
|
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Term
|
Definition
echinodermata-sea stars, sea urchins, sand dollars, sea cucumbers, sea lilies.
Spiny skin-all marine
Larvae-bilateral:adults 5-part radial.
Water vascular system-tube feet(attachment, locomotion, feeding, gas exchange), Endoskeleton of calcareous plates.
Deuterostome clade |
|
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Term
|
Definition
myriapoda-centipedes and millipedes
Centi- body flattened dorsoventrally, 1 pair appendages per segment-Poisonous
Mili- body cylindrical, 2 pair appendages per segment, scavengers, not poisonous.
Protosome/Ecdysozoa
Arthropoda |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Hexapoda-insects
Largest group of animals on Earth-most successful.
3 body regions- head, thorax, abdomen
3 pair walking legs
Protosome/Ecdysozoa
Arthropoda |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Crustacean-crab, shrimp, lobster, crayfish, pillbugs, barnacles, copepods
Nauplius larva, biramous appendages
Protosome/Ecdysozoa
Arthropoda |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Chelicerata-spiders, mites, ticks, scorpions, poisonous arthropods
Anterior appendages--chelicerae(modified into pincers or fangs)
Protosome/Ecdysozoa
Arthropoda |
|
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Term
|
Definition
oncychophora
Protosome/Ecdysozoa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
tardigrades-water bears
Protosome/Ecdysozoa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Hookworm-unsegmented round worms-covered with cuticle
Pseudocoelomate, tube w/in tube, 3 germ laers, bilateral, organ system
Phylum Nematoda
Protosome/Ecdysozoa |
|
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Term
|
Definition
heartworms
covered with cuticle
Pseudocoelomate, tube w/in tube, 3 germ laers, bilateral, organ system
Phylum Nematoda
Protosome/Ecdysozoa |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Filarial worms
covered with cuticle
Pseudocoelomate, tube w/in tube, 3 germ laers, bilateral, organ system
Phylum Nematoda
Protosome/Ecdysozoa |
|
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Term
|
Definition
pinworms
covered with cuticle
Pseudocoelomate, tube w/in tube, 3 germ laers, bilateral, organ system
Phylum Nematoda
Protosome/Ecdysozoa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
roundworms
covered with cuticle
Pseudocoelomate, tube w/in tube, 3 germ laers, bilateral, organ system
Phylum Nematoda
Protosome/Ecdysozoa |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Ribbon worm
Long, dorsoventrally flattened body and proboscis. longest known animal
tube w/in tube. organ system, functionally acoelomate but have a small true coelom in proboscis
Protosome/Spirilia |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Proboscis
Long, dorsoventrally flattened body and proboscis. longest known animal
tube w/in tube. organ system, functionally acoelomate but have a small true coelom in proboscis
Protosome/Spirilia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
mollusca-snail, slugs, clams, mussels, octopi, squids, chiton, chambered nautilus
Coelomate, tube w/in tube, bilateral, 3 germ, organ system, OCS
Trochophore Larvae
Ventral muscular foot(creepings, digging, prey capture)
Mantle- integument that secretes the shell and functions in gas exchange
No shells-slugs, octopus
External-Clam, snail, chambered nautilus
Internal-squid
Protostome/Spiralia/Lophotrochozoa |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Earthworm-Segmented worms-exhibit all derived characters
Trochophore larvae
Segments called somites
Segmented internally and externally
CCS
Hermaphroditic-cross fertilize
2 pair of setae per segment
Protosome/Spiralia/Lophotrochozoa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
leeches-Segmented worms-exhibit all derived characters
Trochophore larvae
Segments called somites
Segmented internally and externally
CCS
Hermaphroditic-cross fertilize
no chaetae; parasitic:anterior and posterior suckers
Protosome/Spiralia/Lophotrochozoa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
sandworm-Segmented worms-exhibit all derived characters
Trochophore larvae
Segments called somites
Segmented internally and externally
CCS
Hermaphroditic-cross fertilize
Polychaetes-many chaetae
Protosome/Spiralia/Lophotrochozoa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Brachiopoda-lamp shells and tube-dwelling marine worms
Lophpphores
Protosome/Spiralia/Lophotrochozoa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Bryozoa-bryozoans
Marine, sessile colonies; lophophore
Protosome/Spiralia/Lophotrochozoa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
planaria-flatworms
Flattened dorsalventrally with head and tail end. some free living some parasitic.
Acoelomate, sac body plan, 3 germ, organ level, bilateral
Platyhelminthes
Protosome/Spiralia/Platyzoa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Liver fluke-flatworms
Flattened dorsalventrally with head and tail end. some free living some parasitic.
Acoelomate, sac body plan, 3 germ, organ level, bilateral
Platyhelminthes
Protosome/Spiralia/Platyzoa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Tapeworm-flatworms
Flattened dorsalventrally with head and tail end. some free living some parasitic.
Acoelomate, sac body plan, 3 germ, organ level, bilateral
Platyhelminthes
Protosome/Spiralia/Platyzoa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Platyhelminthes-
Flatworm-Flattened dorsalventrally with head and tail end. some free living some parasitic.
Acoelomate, sac body plan, 3 germ, organ level, bilateral
Platyhelminthes
Protosome/Spiralia/Platyzoa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
cycliophora-Newest- on lobsters
Protosome/Spiralia/Platyzoa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Rotifera-rotifers
Freshwater, smallest, serve as food for others, filter feeders
Pseudocoelom-evolved from animal w/ coelom.
Protosome/Spiralia/Platyzoa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ctenophora-Comb jellies
Marine-free swimming, biradial, 2 tentacles and 8 long rows of cilia
Eumetazoa/Radiata |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Polyp-cylindrical sacs
Medusa-bell shaped |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cnidaria-hydroids, jellyfish, sea anemones, corals
Radial, Sac, Tissue(2layer) some sessile, some free swimming.
Cnidocytes- specialized cells that contain stinging organelles-nematocysts- so they are predators
Eumetazoa/Radiata |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Porifera- sponges
Most ancesteral. MArine/fresh. fliter feeders. sessile. Asymmetrical, no body plan, no tissues.
Cellular specialization-collar cells(choanocytes) line canal system creating water current and trapping food. Amoeboid cells digest food.
Spicules are composed of silica. protein or CaCo3 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pollen lands on female part of flower(stigma)=Pollen tube forms and grows through stigma,style and to the ovary=2 sperm are released from pollen tube=Double Fertilization=zygot=embryo |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| heterosporous (micro/mega spores =male/female spores) |
|
|
Term
| Phylum Chordata(all chordates) Most highly developed animals. Four Characteristics: |
|
Definition
1.Notochord
2.Pharyngeal gill slits or pouches- in humans all pouches but one degenerate--Eustachian tube- connects throat to middle ear.
3.dorsal,tubular nerve cord
4.post-anal tail-human-regresses-only coccyx left |
|
|
Term
Phylum Arthropoda-"jointed appendages"
Exhibits all derived characters including Segmentation with specialization. Largest phylum of animals-three-fourths of all described animal species
Characteristics: |
|
Definition
1. Exoskeleton
2.Segmented body
3.3 body regions-head, thoraz, abdomen
4. Jointed appendages
5.Simple and/or compound eyes
Modified appendages=specialized |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cell fate determined early- Protosomes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cell fate determined later- Deuterostomes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| angle to polar axis-protosomes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| parallel to and at right angles to polar axis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
repeating parts
makes idt possible for some sections to become specialized for different functions in advanced snimals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Body cavity not completely lined by mesoderm and formed in a completely different manner from true coelom |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| body cavity completely lined by mesoderm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| only specialized cells, no tissues, no organs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ectoderm and endoderm. no organs develope |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ecto/endo/mesoderm. meserderm=organs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cannot be divided equally |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 2 equal halves any way you cut |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| only one cut gives two equal halves. usually has well developed head region-cephalization- allows for directionality |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mouth used for enterance and exit |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| has mouth and anus. allows for specialized parts along the digestive canal to occur. |
|
|
Term
| separates from other kingdoms |
|
Definition
multicellular, eukaryotic
no cell wall, no chlorophyll
heterotrophic-ingest food
capable of locomotion or movement by contractile fibers |
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