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Biology IGCSE Chapter 17
Inheritance
21
Biology
11th Grade
02/18/2024

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Term
Allele
Definition
One of two or more alternative forms of a gene that occur at a specific position on a chromosome.
Term
Codominance
Definition
When both alleles of a gene are expressed in the phenotype
Term
Dominant allele
Definition
An allele that masks the expression of another allele.
Term
Gene
Definition
A unit of inheritance that controls a specific trait
Term
Genotype:
Definition
The genetic makeup of an organism.
Term
Heterozygous
Definition
Having two different alleles for a gene
Term
Homozygous
Definition
Having two identical alleles for a gene.
Term
Incomplete dominance:
Definition
When neither allele of a gene is dominant, resulting in an intermediate phenotype.
Term
Monohybrid cross
Definition
A cross between two individuals that differ in one gene.
Term
Pedigree chart:
Definition
A diagram that shows the inheritance of traits through generations
Term
Phenotype:
Definition
The observable characteristics of an organism
Term
Punnett square:
Definition
A diagram that predicts the possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring
Term
Recessive allele
Definition
An allele that is only expressed in the absence of a dominant allele
Term
Sex-linked gene:
Definition
: A gene located on the X or Y chromosome.
Term
Chromosome:
Definition
A thread-like structure in the nucleus of a cell that carries genetic information.
Term
DNA:
Definition
Deoxyribonucleic acid, the molecule that carries genetic information.
Term
Gamete
Definition
A reproductive cell, such as a sperm or egg
Term
Genome
Definition
The complete set of genes in an organism
Term
Mutation:
Definition
A change in the DNA sequence of a gene.
Term
Trait:
Definition
A characteristic of an organism.
Term
Stem cell:
Definition
An unspecialiSed cell that has the potential to develop into any type of cell in the body.
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