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| What are the basic steps for the Scientific Method? (5) |
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Definition
1.Observation
2.Question
3.Hypothesis
4.Experiment
5.Accept/Reject |
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| the loss of electrons from one substance. |
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| the addition of electrons to another substance |
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| the sharing of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms. |
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Term
| What are valence electrons? |
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Definition
| the outermost electrons on an atom. |
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Term
| An atomic number is the number of ________. |
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Definition
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| Why is water considered a polar molecule? |
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Definition
| because of the unequal distribution of electrons. |
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| Water molecules stay close together as a result of what kind of bonding? |
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Definition
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| the bonding together of molecules by hydrogen bonds. A property of water. |
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| the clinging of one substance to another. Property of water. |
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| the two ends of the molecule have opposite charges. |
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| organic molecules possessing both carboxyl and amino groups. |
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| A protein consists of one or more _______________. |
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Definition
| polypeptides. Each folded and coiled into a specific 3D structure. |
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| What makes up cell membranes? |
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Definition
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| A phospholipid is similar to a fat molecule, but has only two ________ _________ attached to glycerol rather than three. |
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| a long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds. |
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| The repeating units that serve as the building blocks of a polymer |
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Definition
| specialized macromolecules that speed up chemical reactions in cells. |
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Definition
| Essentially the reverse of dehydration. Means to break down using water. Polymers are disassembled to monomers by hydrolysis. |
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| The simplest Carbohydrate (or simple sugar) is called ______________. |
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| A fat is constructed of two kinds of smaller molecules: __________ & ___________. |
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| Unsaturated fats - has one or more double bonds, formed by the removal of hydrogen bonds from the carbon skeleton. There is a kink in the hydrocarbon tail where the double bond occurs. |
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| Carb / glucose. There is a carbonyl group and multiple hydroxyl groups. |
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Definition
| the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane. |
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| The 2nd of two major stages of photosynethsis. Involves fixations of CO2 and reduction of a fixed carbon into a carbohydrate. |
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Term
| When did the first multicellular animals appear? (years) |
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Definition
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| When did the first vertebrates appear? (lampreys/ lancelets) |
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Term
| What are the three main periods? Starting as far back up until the time of humans. |
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Definition
| Paleozoic (590), Mesozoic (248), Cenozoic (65 - now) |
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