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| Glucose is a building block of carbohydrates. Which of these best describes glucose? |
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A catalase is an enzyme found in plant and animal cells. What type of molecule is catalase? |
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protein (not nucleic acid) |
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what is osmosis? (form of passive transport) |
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| osmosis; diffusion of water from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration |
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role of osmosis in living systems (basic term of osmosis: diffusion) |
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| homeostasis; helps cells maintain equilibrium in their environment; When water diffuses across a cell membrane, it can also transport other important substances such as sodium, glucose…important for cell function and energy; If materials could not diffuse, cells would not survive because they could not take in or excrete). |
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| what is true about photosynthesis & respiration? |
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| Photosynthesis produces oxygen; respiration does not. |
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| what cell structure contains molecules that direct cell activities? |
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| what structures transport water throughout the plant? |
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vascular tissues what do chloroplasts do? |
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| the difference between celia and flagella? |
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A particular toxin prevents cellular production of usable energy. Cells that are affected by this toxin are unable to carry out many of their normal functions.
what organelle would be most directly harmed by this toxin? what process least affected? |
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Definition
most harmed: mitochondria least affected: diffusion |
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| Transport systems in the blue jay (circulatory) and pine tree (vascular) are described (xylem and phloem — little hollow tubes that conduct water, sugar, and nutrients; system of valved blood vessels and a muscular pump - the heart). The student integrates the description of dissolved materials with the need for specialized transport systems in the pine tree (takes in CO2, vents O2; sugar is carried down to the rest of the tree, while water and nutrients from the roots are carried up; designed for an inanimate organism many feet tall) and the blue jay (oxygen is taken from the lungs to the cells, while CO2 goes from the cells to the lungs; food goes from the intestines to the cells; an animal that flies + has high energy needs, its cells need a lot of food and oxygen quickly). |
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which of these does not occur during meiosis? A production of identical gametes
B production of new gene combinations
C crossing-over of homologous chromosomes
D reduction of chromosome number by one-half |
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Definition
| A) production of identical gametes |
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The genetic information for making a protein must move from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Which of these moves this information to the cytoplasm? a ribosome DNA RNA an amino acid |
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| in meiosis, you have to divide by 2 to find the amount of chromosomes in each gamete |
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A cellular process uses a strand of genetic material to produce a new strand. Parts of the strands are shown below.Original strand ATT CAG
New strand UAA GUC
This new strand will most likely be used for
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| The explanation of how DNA determines a trait is enhanced by scientific terminology (Chromosomes contain many strands of DNA. A part of each strand relates to a specific gene, for instance, widow's peak). The student further explains the expression of the trait (If there is one combination the individual may have widow's peak. If there is another combination the individual may not have widow's peak). |
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Definition
| The two possible genotypes of the child are HH or Hh. The phenotype of the child is that he/she will have a widow's peak because of having genotypes with the dominant allele (H). DNA determines a trait such as widow's peak during meiosis. The child inherits the trait during the transfer of chromosomes. When the DNA is made, it codes for all of the traits by making specific proteins which give the phenotype. |
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| how is succession different from natural selection? |
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Marine and land iguanas are two different species that inhabit the Galapagos Islands. Some scientists believe that both species diverged from a common ancestor. Marine iguanas eat algae. Land iguanas feed on cacti. Algae are more abundant in the ocean than cacti are on the islands. Both species lay their eggs in the sand.
Rats, cats, and goats have recently been introduced to the islands. Rats often feed on iguana eggs, cats eat baby iguanas, and goats eat cacti.
Explain how the two species of iguanas could have developed from a common ancestor. In your response, be sure to
name the process that explains how marine and land iguanas developed from a common ancestor
describe the steps involved in this process
explain how the introduction of rats, cats, and goats might affect both iguana species
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Definition
The iguanas could have had a common ansector. Through the process of natural selection the species split. An inguana could have had a natural adaptation that allowed it to digest algae better. It could hae lived closer to the ocean. Then the iguana reproduced and created a new species. The iguanas evolved into what they are today. Survival of the fittest allows the iguanas to reproduce more offspring so the trait that allowed the iguana to digest algae got passed down from generation to generation If rats eat all of the iguana eggs then the iguanas wont have any offspring,. The more eggs the rats eat the less chance of survival the species of iguanas have. The same is with rats. If rats eat baby iguana then the iguanas will ahve a less chance of surviving and may become extinct. On the other hand, through the process of natural selection and survival of the fittest, the fastes and most elusive baby iguansas will survive and evolve. Since the goats eat cactci only the speies of iguana hat eat cacti will be affected. There will be less and less foci for the iguanas to eat. The iguanas that can survive with the least amount of food have a better chance of reproducing and creating more offspring. |
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| hypothesis does not have to be an "if, then" statement. that is your testable statement? |
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Definition
| you always need to compare the results to a control group. the control group cannot be nothing. |
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Which of these supply the main energy source used in cellular respiration? A lipids
B amino acids
C nucleic acids
D carbohydrates |
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The cell wall of a plant helps the plant cell maintain its shape. What is the main structural component of the cell wall of a plant?
A lipid
B cellulose
C amino acid
D nucleic acid |
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When the cells of most organisms freeze, they burst. Which property of water causes this to occur?
A Water is a universal solvent.
B Water changes temperature rapidly.
C Water is less dense as a solid than as a liquid.
D Water is a nonpolar molecule. |
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Definition
| water is less dense as a solid than as a liquid |
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During photosynthesis, trees convert carbon dioxide and other materials to
A lipids
B amino acids
C nucleic acids
D sugars |
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Which of these is most affected in the cells of the goldfish when the water temperature is lowered?
A enzyme activity
B pH level
C DNA base sequence
D salt concentration |
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which of these is the process by which water moves across a selectively permeable membrane?
A osmosis
B transpiration
C capillary action
D active transport |
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ultraviolet light damages chromosomes :( |
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Look at the DNA sequence below.
GAA TTC GCA
What do the G and A represent in the DNA sequence?
A sugars
B amino acids
C phosphates
D nitrogen bases |
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