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chromosomes condense, mitotic spindle begins to form |
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chromosomes complete migration to middle |
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sister chromatids separate and are pulled towards opposite poles |
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nuclear envelope reforms, the spindle appartatus disappears |
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cells are pinched in half by constriction of inner ring of actin-myosin fiber |
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form new membrane by dividing cells in 2 compartments, microtubules form scaffolding across cell |
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routine business (step 1) |
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preparing to divide (3rd step) |
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examples of light dependent reactions |
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examples of light independent reactions |
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basically and electron transport chain, reduced NADP+ to NADPH |
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obtains electrons by oxidizing water, makes ATP, highly endergonic |
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1. carbon fixation 2. reduction 3. regeneration |
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enzyme used in photosynthesis |
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plants in hot places use this-makes carbon 4 molecule instead of carbon 3 |
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cacti do this, only open stomata at night and store CO2 until it's light out |
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the number of complete sets of chromosomes in a biological cell |
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the entirety of an organism's hereditary information |
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when homologous chromosome pairs come together in early prophase and non-sister chromatids interact with each other |
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swapping parts, playing twister, homologous recombination- major way we get genetic variation |
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produce heat from their own body tissues |
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rely on heat gained from the environment |
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active regulation of osmotic pressure |
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what can you do with nitrogen waste? |
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convert into urea or uric acid, or dilute it |
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