Term
| The primary reason why the same basic techniques can be used to analyze the DNA from species as diverse as bacteria and humans is that |
|
Definition
| DNA has a consistent structure in all organisms. |
|
|
Term
| Prenatal screening in humans, AIDS virus testing in humans, and genetic engineering for protection against insect attack in plants all |
|
Definition
| are examples of the application of DNA technology. |
|
|
Term
| Based on the Biology Matters box, “Have You Had Your GMO Today?” which of the following statements is false? |
|
Definition
| Genetically modified crops are used only for the production of breads and cereals. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| short, single-stranded segments of DNA used in DNA hybridization experiments. |
|
|
Term
| Refer to Figure 15.5 in your textbook. At the bottom of the diagram is the result of a gel electrophoresis run using the DNA fragments from a sickle-cell allele and a normal allele that were generated using the restriction enzyme DdeI. Which of the fragments (x, y, or z) shown is the largest? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Consider Figure 15.2 What would be the effect of using one type of restriction enzyme to cut the organism’s DNA, and then a different one to cut the plasmid DNA in the first step? |
|
Definition
| Incompatible DNA fragments would be produced. |
|
|
Term
| A sample of DNA from a person suspected of having sickle-cell anemia is subjected to DNA hybridization using two probes—one that binds to the normal allele and another that binds to the sickle-cell allele. If both probes bind to the DNA, this individual |
|
Definition
| is heterozygous for the sickle-cell gene. |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following would not be considered a concern for critics of genetic engineering? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is not necessary to execute a successful polymerase chain reaction? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In gel electrophoresis, the distance traveled by a DNA fragment |
|
Definition
| corresponds to the size of the fragment. |
|
|
Term
| To study the genetic basis of the inherited human disease sickle-cell anemia, a biologist first isolates DNA from an affected individual’s cells. Which of the following would be the next step in this process? |
|
Definition
| Use restriction enzymes to break the DNA into smaller fragments. |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following are products of genetic engineering? |
|
Definition
| agricultural crops with enhanced nutritional value |
|
|
Term
| n a criminal trial in which DNA fingerprinting has been used, a genetic “match” between the suspect and evidence left at the crime scene provides |
|
Definition
| a high probability that the suspect is guilty. |
|
|
Term
Which of the following DNA sources would be suitable for DNA fingerprinting analysis?
-blood,skin,semen,saliva. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following statements regarding DNA technology is false? |
|
Definition
| DNA technology can be used to remove undesired alleles from a multicellular organism. |
|
|
Term
| In human gene therapy, doctors |
|
Definition
| seek to correct genetic disorders by repairing the genes that cause them. |
|
|
Term
| A gene is said to be cloned if |
|
Definition
| the gene has been isolated and copied. |
|
|
Term
| Genetically engineered bovine growth hormone (BGH), which is highly effective for improving overall growth and milk production in cattle, remains a hotly debated issue because |
|
Definition
| BGH could drive traditional family farmers out of business. |
|
|
Term
| In genetic engineering, genes can be inserted from one organism into another or back into the original organism using which of the following techniques? |
|
Definition
|
|
