Term
| Where is glycogen formed? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do animals store energy? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| large complex molecules made of smaller molecules called amino acids |
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Term
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Definition
* important in a cells structure
* form the membrane or protective covering around cells
* Help control the substances that enter and exit cells |
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Term
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Definition
| can help control and speed up chemical reactions |
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Term
| How do most plants store energy? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A group of chemicals that include sugars, starches and cellulose |
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Term
| What four kinds of chemicals are most living things on Earth made of? |
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Definition
| carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids |
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Term
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Definition
| Large complex molecules that contain hereditary or genetic information |
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Term
| What are two kinds of nucleic acids? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the difference between DNA and RNA? |
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Definition
DNA - carries instructions that control the activities of a cell
RNA - uses the DNA instructions to make proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| A substance that cannot be broken down by chemical processes into smaller substances |
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Term
| How many elements are found on Earth? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are organic compounds? |
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Definition
Compounds that contain carbon
usually relates to living things (plants and animals) |
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Term
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Definition
* Smallest part of an element that has the properties of that element
* Building blocks of matter |
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Term
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Definition
| made up of smaller particles - protons, neutrons, and electrons |
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Term
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Definition
* Positively charged particles
* Located in the center or nucleus of an atom |
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Term
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Definition
* Particles that have NO electrical charge
* also found in the nucleus of an atom with the protons |
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Term
| Do protons and neutrons have mass? |
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Definition
| Yes - account for 99% of an atom's mass |
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Term
| What does the atomic number represent? |
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Definition
| number of protons in an element |
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Term
| Why is an atom electrically balanced or neutral? |
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Definition
| positive protons = - electrons in an atom |
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Term
| When is an atom most stable or unlikely to react? |
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Definition
| When its outermost energy level is completely filled |
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Term
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Definition
| When an atoms protons and neutrons are not equal |
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Term
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Definition
| They are radioactive - They have an unstable nucleus that can break open giving off energy |
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Term
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Definition
Electrons are not gained, but shared
example H2O |
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Term
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Definition
| Formed from the attractive force between ions with opposite charges |
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Term
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Definition
| a substance that speeds up or slows down a reaction without being changed or used up in the reaction |
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Term
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Definition
| a protein catalyst that speeds up the chemical reaction within an organism |
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Term
| What is a catalyst also known as? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The sum of all the comical processes that occur within an organism |
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Term
| What changes occur in an organism as it ages? |
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Definition
| growth, development, repair |
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Term
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Definition
| Chemical signals used by insects and many other animals which the animals smell or taste |
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Term
| What are the products of chemical reactions in your body? |
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Definition
Heat - body temperature
wastes - carbon dioxide, food wastes |
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Term
| Carbohydrates are a group of chemicals that include sugars, starches and cellulose. True False |
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Definition
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Term
Different combinations of nucleic acids are make up different proteins.
True False |
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Definition
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Term
Animals store energy as fiber.
True False |
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Definition
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Term
RNA carries the instructions that control the activities of a cell.
True False |
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Definition
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Term
Nucleic acids can help control and speed up chemical reactions.
True False |
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Definition
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Term
Cell membranes are formed from
a. polysaccharides
b. waxes
c. glycogen
d. phospholipids |
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Definition
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Term
Which one of these is NOT a lipid?
a. fat b. oil c. wax d. all are lipids |
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Definition
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Term
Where is glycogen formed?
a. intestines b. kidney
c. liver d. muscles e. c & d |
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Definition
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Term
What are the building blocks of proteins?
a. hydrogen ions b. enzymes
c. amino acids d. bases |
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Definition
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Term
The basic materials most living things need to survive are _____.
a. carbon dioxide, ammonia and water
b. hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide and copper sulfate
c. proteins, carbohydrates and lipids
d. pheromones, neurotransmitters and cholesterol |
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Definition
| c. proteins, carbohydrates and lipids |
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Term
T or F
Organic compounds usually relate to living or once living things. |
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Definition
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Term
Isotopes are dangerous.
T or F |
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Definition
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Term
Gold is an element.
T or F |
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Definition
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Term
Neutrons have mass.
T or F |
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Definition
| True - located in the nucleus |
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Term
| According to your book, there are about ____ elements found on Earth. |
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Definition
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Term
| The atomic number represents how many ___ are in an element. |
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Definition
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Term
The smallest particle of an element that has the element's properties in
a(n) _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| What three particles make up an atom? |
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Definition
| protons, neutrons and electrons |
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Term
Which one is the false statement about electrons?
a. negatively charged
b. located inside the nucleus
c. they are smaller than either protons or neutrons
d. electrons equal the number of protons in the atom |
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Definition
| b. located inside the nucleus |
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Term
Plants store energy as
a. glucose
b. fructose
c. sucrose
d. starch |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is NOT a basic function of proteins in living things?
a. energy storage
b. defense against disease
c. movement
d. regulation of chemical reactions |
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Definition
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Term
Large molecules that contain hereditary or genetic information that make up amino acids are ____
a. nucleic acids
b. steroids
c. nitrogen molecules
d. lipids |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following are unrelated?
a. sugar - carbohydrate
b. fat - lipid
c. amino acid - protein
d. starch - carbohydrate |
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Definition
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Term
The atomic mass is ___
a. number of electrons
b. number of protons and neutrons
c. number of protons
d. number of electrons and neutrons |
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Definition
| b. number of protons and neutrons |
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Term
What is a covalent bond?
a. a bond in which atoms share electrons
b. a bond in which electrons are lost by one element and gained by another
c. a hydrogen bond
d. an unstable bond between water molecules |
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Definition
| a. a bond in which atoms share electrons |
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Term
Isotopes are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons and ____.
a. a different number of electrons
b. the same number of nucleuses
c. a different number of neutrons
d. the same number of neutrons |
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Definition
| c. a different number of neutrons |
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Term
What happens when a chemical bond is formed or broken?
a. appearance of new isotopes
b. elimination of isotopes
c. breaking apart of atoms
d. energy is released or absorbed |
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Definition
| d. energy is released or absorbed |
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Term
Two elements linked chemically in definite proportions are called
a. elements
b. compounds
c. isotopes
d. proteins |
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Definition
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Term
Which one of the following describes an isotope of the oxygen atom which has 8 electrons, 8 protons and 8 neutrons?
a. 8 electrons, 8 protons, 9 neutrons
b. 7 electrons, 8 protons, 8 neutrons
c. 8 electrons, 7 protons, 8 neutrons
d. 7 electrons, 7 protons, 8 neutrons |
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Definition
| a. 8 electrons, 8 protons, 9 neutrons |
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Term
An enzyme and a catalyst are basically the same thing.
a. true b. false |
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Definition
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Term
A catalyst speeds up or slows down a reaction without itself being changed.
a. true b. false |
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Definition
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Term
Proteins that speed up the chemical reactions in a cell are called
a. enzymes b. sites
c. nucleic acids d. acids |
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Definition
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Term
There are two ways of speeding up a chemical reaction - one is to increase the temperature and the other is to add a catalyst.
true false |
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Definition
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Term
In a chemical reaction, one or more substances are changed into a new substance by breaking or forming new chemical bonds.
a. true b. false |
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Definition
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Term
Which are examples of a chemical change?
a. a gas is produced
b. appearance has only changed
c. color change
d. matter stays the same
(more than one answer) |
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Definition
a. gas produced
c. color change |
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Term
Which are examples of a physical change. More than one answer
a. odor/smell given off
b. light is given off
c. appearance has only changed
d. matter stays the same |
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Definition
c. appearance has only changed
d. matter stays the same |
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Term
Find the false statement:
Communication between organisms occurs by ____.
a. sight
b. sound
c. touch
d. smell
e. taste
f. all are true |
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Definition
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Term
| What chemical do insects and many other animals use to communicate with each other? |
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Definition
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Term
Homeostasis is ______
a. the ability for the body to grow
b. the ability for the body to repair itself
c. the tendency of an organism to maintain stable internal conditions
d. the death of a cell |
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Definition
| a. the sum of all the chemical processes that occur within an organism |
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Term
What is metabolism?
a. the sum of all the chemical processes that occur within an organism
b. the way organism's store energy
c. the way organism's release energy
c. a control system within the body |
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Definition
| a. the sum of all the chemical processes that occur within an organism |
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Term
| Protein supplies both energy and elements for your body cells to live and grow T or F |
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Definition
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Term
The products produced from your bodies chemical reactions are heat and wastes.
T or F |
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Definition
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Term
A cell must have proper water balance, temperature and light or it will die.
True or False |
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Definition
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Term
| The DNA provides the necessary chemical information to begin and continue life. T or F |
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Definition
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Term
| As a body ages, its rate of growth and development changes. T or F |
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Definition
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Term
Isotopes are dangerous.
T or F |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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