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| the phenomenon that populations of organisms change over the course of many generations. As a result, some organisms become more successful at survival and reproduction |
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| changes in a population's gene pool from generation to generation |
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| evolutionary changes that create new spcies and groups of speices |
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| a group of related organisms that share a distinctive form in nature and (for sexually reproducing species) are capable of interbreeding |
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| a group of individuals of the same species that occupy the same environment and can interbreed with one another |
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| the molecular changes in genetic material that underlie the phenotypic changes associated with evolution |
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| thought that relies on observation to form an idea or hypothesis, rather than trying to understand life from a nonphysical or spiritual point of view |
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| inhertitance of acquired characteristics |
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| Lamarck's incorrect hypothesis that species change over the course of many generations by adapting to new environments (giraffe stretching its neck example) |
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| the process that eliminates those individuals that are less likely to survive to survive and reproduce in a particular enviroment, while allowing other individuals with traits that confer greater reproductie success to increase in numbers. |
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| an organism that provides a link between earlier and later forms in evolution |
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| the study of the geographic distributin of extinct and modern species |
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| the term to describe organisms that are naturally found only in a particular location |
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| the process whereby two different species from different lineages show similar characteristics because they occupy similar environments |
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| analogous structures / convergent traits |
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| a structure that is the result of convergent evolution. Such structures have arisen independently, two or more times, because species have occupied similar types of environments on Earth |
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| selective breeding / artificial selection |
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| programs and procedures designed to modify traits in domesticated spcies |
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| a fundamental similarity that occurs due to descent from a common ancestor |
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| structures that are similar to each other because they are derived from the same ancestral structure |
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| an anatomical feature that has no apparent function but resembles a structure of a presumed ancestor |
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| similarties at the molecular level that indicate that living species evolved from a common ancestor or interrelated group of common ancestors |
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| genes derived from the same ancestral gene that have accumulated random mutations that make their sequences slightly different |
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| a homologous gene in different species |
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| homologous genes within a single species |
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| a group of homologous genes within a single species |
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| a form of mutation in which exons and their flanking introns are inserted into genes and thereby create proteins with additional functional domains |
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Definition
| a process in which species evolve from pre-existing species by the accumulation of mutations |
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| a process in which an organism incorporates genetic material from another organism without being the offspring of the organism |
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