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biology 3rd 9 week review
willmans biology students flash card set
79
Biology
10th Grade
03/06/2017

Additional Biology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Potential disadvantages of genetic engendering crops
Definition
genetic isolation and reduce variety
Term

 

Potential advantages of genetic engineering crops

 

Definition

naturally insect repelent

grow very large

able to grow in diffrent areas

Term
Genetic fingerprinting
Definition
practice of creating a genetic marker test called a keryotype to help determine gentic simmilarties
Term
Gene theropy
Definition
process of locating and isolating certin genes
Term
Cloning
Definition
process of taking a nucules from an orginisim and putting it into an egg to make an exact copy
Term

 

Genetic modification

 

Definition
changng genetic information of somthing
Term

 

Recombinant DNA

 

Definition
process of putting forign DNA into somthing for the purpose of creating a hybrid
Term
Plasmids
Definition
circular piece of DNA that comes from bacteria
Term

 

Genetic screening

 

Definition
process of looking at genetic maps to determine wheather certin genetic markers are present
Term
Autotrophs
Definition

plant bacteria, or protisita

has ability to make own food

Term
Benefit of cyanobacteria who can photosynthesize
Definition
create oxygen for environment
Term
Endosymbiosis theory
Definition

protistia organisim and an mitochondria working togother

made first eukaryotic cell

Term
Benefit of asexual reproduction
Definition
lots of offspring quickly
Term

 

Benefit of sexual reproduction

 

Definition
maore variation in offspring
Term

 

Spontaneous generation theory proved wrong by whom and how  

 

Definition

 

pastour

covered meat did not make magots

Term
Spontaneous generation theory states
Definition
life from non life
Term
Estimated age of earth
Definition
4.5 billion years old
Term
What must be present for a fossil to form
Definition

water

minerals

pressure

Term

 

Who did first primordial

soup idea and where did it occur

Definition
miller and urey bottom of ocean
Term

 

Put in order from smallest to largest

DNA, molecules, proteins, RNA, Amino acids

 

Definition

molecules

amino acids

protiens

RNA

DNA

Term
Human breeding for specialized traits called
Definition
artifical selection
Term
Breeding which occurs too close to same genetic pool
Definition
inbreading
Term
breading which results in in a combination of two of the same specie
Definition
hybridization
Term
Natural selection
Definition
process of adapting to meet the needs of an area through struggle to survive
Term

 

Acquired characteristic

 

Definition
characteristics that somthing has obtained through adaptation
Term
Gene flow
Definition
a condition where a section of a gene pool moves taking a large section of genetic combinations with it due to large migration
Term
genetic bottle necking
Definition
a condition where a small section of a geene pool is isolated and has only a small section of the orginal gene pool
Term

 

Mutation

 

Definition
a change in the gentic code usually negitve
Term

 

Divergent evolution

 

Definition
a condition where two simmilar speci split up and become isolated and are unable to breed any more
Term
convergent evolution
Definition
two diffrent specie come togother to form a type of symbiotic relationship for benifit of survival
Term
Disruptive selection
Definition
a condition where a populous avarage population is destroyed to the point of potential death
Term
Adaptation
Definition
to change to meet the needs of an area
Term
Three outcomes harsh environment
Definition

adaptation

migration

death

Term
Niche
Definition
the job of somthing in a specific  area
Term

 

Sexual selection

 

Definition
choosing a mate based upon some form of desired charicteristics
Term

 

Founder effect

 

Definition
the first group of organisms in an area
Term

 

Homologous structure

 

Definition
similar structure diffrent purpose
Term
Analogous structure
Definition
diffrent structure same purpose
Term

 

Vestigial structure/ organ

 

Definition
a structure that is no longer usefull to an animal so it becoumes smaller
Term
common ancestor
Definition
simmilar organisim between several specie
Term
Sympatric isolation
Definition
breaking apart of diffrent specie without geographicial boundries
Term
Allopatric isolation
Definition
speciazation based upon geographical isolation
Term
Bipedalism
Definition
first advance in hominids
Term
civilization
Definition
last advantage of homianids
Term

 

Characteristics of hominids as they evolved

 

Definition

smaller brows

smaller jaws

larger cranium

larger brains

Term

 

Kingdom of photosynthetic organisms   nonmoving (sessile) organisms

 

Definition
plants
Term

 

Kingdom of heterotrophic chitonous tissue  nonmoving (sessile) organisms

 

Definition
fungi
Term

 

Kingdom of moving organisms

which are all heterotrophic and multi cellular

Definition
animilia
Term
eukaryotic cells
Definition

membrane bound cells

makes 1 of three domains

comprises 4 kingdoms

1. plantae

2. protistia

3. fungi

4. animilia

Term
Domain of prokaryotic single celled organisms very abundant in all ecosystems
Definition
bacteria
Term
Domain of prokaryotic single celled organisms very few specie exist and are all in harsh environments
Definition
archea bacteria
Term
Domain of membrane bound organelles
Definition
eukarya
Term
2 name naming system is called
Definition
bi nomial nomenclature
Term

 

Parts of binomial nomenclature

 

Definition
genus specie
Term
Parts of classification system made by Linnaeus
Definition

kingdom

phylum

class

order

family

genus

specie

 

domain was added later above kingdom

Term
Taxonomy
Definition
science of classifying things
Term
practice of grouping things based on evolutionary relationships
Definition
Cladistics
Term
Phylogeny
Definition
a visual representation of taxanomy or cladistics
Term

 

4 kingdoms of domain eukaryote

 

 

Definition

plantae

fungi

protistia

animilia

Term
Stomata
Definition

gas exchange site for plants

found on lower leaves

transpiration occours here (plant sweat)

Term

 

Guard cells

 

Definition

cells on either side of stomota

close stomata

prevents water loss by closing stomata

Term

 

anther

 

Definition

end of male reproduction in angiosperms

produces pollen (plant sperm)

Term
pistil
Definition

female portion of plant

comprised of stigma, style, ovary

 

Term
Filament
Definition
stalk of male reproductive system in angiosperm
Term
Stamen
Definition

male portion of angiosperm

comprised of anther , filiment

Term

 

Stigma

 

Definition
top of female reproduction system in angiosperms
Term
style
Definition
stalk of the female reproductive system
Term
ovary
Definition

surrounds the seed

becomes the fruit once pollinated

Term

 

Fiberous roots

 

Definition

obsorbs nutrients

acts as an anchor

Term
tap root
Definition

main root system for nutrients

holds nutrients and water

Term
Xylem
Definition
cambrian tissue for moving water and nutrients upwards
Term
Phloem
Definition

cambrian tissue for transfering products of photosythesis to the plant

including glucose main suger/ food sourse

Term

 

Root cap

 

Definition

covers the ends of the root

most specilized tissue due to hardship the roots endour

Term
Sepal
Definition
specilized leafs on the outside of the ovary section of the flower
Term
Sepal
Definition
specilized leafs on the outside of the ovary section of the flower
Term
Petal
Definition
ornimental parts of a flower which attract vectors for polination
Term

 

Leaves

 

Definition
part of plant for photosysthesis
Term
Cuticle
Definition
waxy outer coating or woody outer layer which keeps the water from escaping the stalk
Term

 

Chlorophyll

 

Definition

pigment in the leaf that gives lighr energy to thykonoid for production of glucose

found in three pigment colors red, yellow, and green

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