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21.1. ΓΝΩΘΙ ΣΕΑΥΤΟΝ is Greek for:
A) Know Thy Enemy
B) Know Thyself
C) Know the Krebs Cycle
D) No More Tests
E) Just Say No |
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21.2. ___________is a philosophy of the world that believes that there are natural and rational explanations for all phenomena.
A) Geneticism
B) Scientism
C) Vitalism
D) Socialism
E) Communism |
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21.3. According to James Watson, the answer to the question, “Does life have some magical, mystical essence, or is it, like any chemical reaction carried out in a science class?” is:
A) A definite Yes.
B) Let’s ask the 8 ball.
C) A definitive No.
D) No one really knows.
E) It depends on the person’s DNA. |
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21.4. Biologists typically study the _____________of life, but not necessarily the _________ of life.
A) meaning, processes
B) processes, meaning
C) meaning, chemistry
D) meaning, physics
E) physics, chemistry |
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21.5 According to Richard Feynman (pictured above), the greatest value of science is:
A) somatic gene therapy
B) germ-line gene therapy
C) oral contraceptives
D) the production of twinkies
E) the freedom to doubt |
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21.6. The fact that digestion, circulation, cellular respiration, DNA replication, gene expression, the production of human hormones and disease are not results of a vital or supernatural force, as was once thought, but are effected through physico-chemical mechanisms supports the philosophy of______________.
A) vitalism
B) avitalism
C) gorevidalism
D) materialism
E) cubism |
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21.7. ____________ hypothesizes that DNA determines all aspects of human behavior, including criminality, sexuality, susceptibility to disease and artistic talent.
A) Pleiotropism
B) Behaviorism
C) Political correctness
D) Social determinism
E) Genetic determinism |
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21.8. The fact that the sickle cell anemia allele results in sickle cell anemia as well as a resistance to malaria is an example of a gene with a __________effect.
A) pleiotropic
B) pleiochromatic
C) phototropic
D) gravitropic
E) gonadotropic |
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21.9. The cystic fibrosis allele may exist in the population at just a high level because it may confer resistance to___________.
A) pneumonia
B) tuberculosis
C) sickle cell anemia
D) thalessemia
E) acystic fibrosis |
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21.10. Rickets results from a deficiency in vitamin_____________.
A) A
B) B1
C) C
D) D
E) E |
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21.11. UV light hitting the skin causes the breakdown of_________.
A) folic acid (vitamin B9)
B) vitamin B1
C) vitamin B3
D) vitamin C
E) vitamin D |
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21.12. Height is a _______trait.
A) polygenic
B) monogenic
C) pleiotropic
D) pleiochromic
E) pleistocene |
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21.13. ______________are used to sequence DNA because they lack an oxygen at the 3’ carbon of deoxyribose which results in the termination of the nascent DNA.
A) Glucogorticoids
B) Dideoxynucleotides
C) Ribonucelotides
D) Deoxynucleotides
E) none of the above |
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21.14. The sequence of the template DNA is:
A) TCGAAGACGTATC
B) AGCTTCTGCATAG
C) CTATGCAGAAGCT
D) GATACGTCTTCGA
E) not enough information to tell |
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21.15. Which of the following are anticipated benefits of the human genome project?
A) detect genetic predispositions to disease
B) create drugs based on molecular information
C) gene therapy
D) design “custom drugs” (pharmacogenomics) based on individual genetic profiles
E) all of the above |
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21.16. The human genome contains about___________genes.
A) 3000
B) 30,000
C) 300,000
D) 3,000,000
E) 30,000,000 |
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21.17. Variations in the sequence of DNA that occur when a single nucleotide is altered are known as
A) RNAs
B) SNPs
C) ANDi
D) DNAs
E) ATPs |
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21.18. The original SNP consortium used DNA from a pool of samples obtained from _____ individuals representing several racial groups.
A) 24
B) 2400
C) 24,000
D) 240.000
E) 2,400,000 |
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21.19. Which of the following diseases are correlated with at least one of 24 “disease SNPs”?
A) hypertension
B) coronary artery disease
C) bipolar disorder
D) type 1 and type 2 diabetes
E) all of the above |
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21.20. The ______________ contains the sequence of cDNAs from each cell type at each healthy and diseased developmental stage
A) transcriptome
B) proteome
C) lipidome
D) glycome
E) interactome |
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21.21. The human genome project will provide us with an enormous amount of information, initially based largely on ________________, which we will have to use in our decision making.
A) correlations and probabilities
B) cause and effect experiments
C) physical experiments
D) biochemical experiments
E) chemical analysis |
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Definition
| correlations and probabilities |
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21.22. Human insulin has been isolated from_________.
A) dogs
B) pigs
C) cows
D) bacteria
E) all of the above |
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21.23. _____________ physically insert their genes into the host's genome.
A) Fungi
B) Bacteria
C) Protozoa
D) Mosquitoes
E) Retroviruses |
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21.24. The _____________of retroviruses inserts the viral DNA in any arbitrary position in the genome of the host.
A) ligase
B) polymerase
C) integrase
D) insertase
E) none of the above |
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21.25. Some people with SCID have a defective _______________ enzyme in their bone marrow cells.
A) bonease
B) actomyosin
C) actin
D) adenosine deaminase
E) ATPase |
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21.26. Patients that have to live in a plastic bubble probably have_________.
A) SCID
B) PCR
C) IBM
D) DNA
E) ΓΝΩΘΙ ΣΕΑΥΤΟΝ |
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21.27. Transforming white blood cells with a functional adenosine deaminase gene and injected the cells into a patient is an example of______________.
A) ATP therapy
B) gene cloning
C) psychogenic therapy
D) somatic cell gene therapy
E) germ-line gene therapy |
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D) somatic cell gene therapy
E) germ-line gene therapy |
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21.28. There is a thin line between gene therapy and _____________.
A) polygenic traits
B) genetic enhancement
C) phenotypic therapy
D) cosmetic surgery
E) chromosome walking |
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21.29. Which of the following body parts can be altered for cosmetic reasons?
A) lips
B) tummy
C) labia majora
D) spider veins
E) all of the above |
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21.30. Which of the following gene additives could help a person earn an additional $789 a year for every inch of additional growth?
A) oxytocin gene
B) human growth hormone gene
C) insulin gene
D) follicle-stimulating hormone gene
E) secretin gene |
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Definition
| human growth hormone gene |
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21.31. Louis Brandeis defined a profession as:
A) an occupation for which the necessary preliminary training is intellectual in character
B) an occupation which is pursued largely for others and not merely for one’s self.
C) an occupation in which the amount of financial return is not the accepted measure of success.
D) A, B and C
E) none of the above |
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21.32. When a pregnant mouse eats a diet rich in nutrients that cause the DNA to be methylated, the agouti gene in the offspring ______________.
A) begins to synthesize additional nutrients
B) stops synthesizing the nutrients the mother ate
C) is silenced
D) is transferred to the X chromosome in females
E) is transferred to the Y chromosome in males |
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21.32 The ___________ is the name given to methylated DNA to distinguish DNA which identical sequence, but different environmentally-induced methylations.
A) methygenome
B) nutrigenome
C) epigenome
D) transcriptome
E) metabolome |
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21.33. Skin color is a _______trait.
A) polygenic
B) monogenic
C) pleiotropic
D) pleiochromic
E) pleistocene |
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21.34. According to Erwin Schrödinger, the value of science is to ______________.
A) act as an economic engine
B) provide white collar jobs
C) know oneself
D) be able to sequence a genome
E) provide a driving force for technology |
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