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Definition
| Evolutionary change on a grand scale, encompassing the origin of new taxonomic groups, evolutionary trends, adaptive radiation and mass extinction |
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Term
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Definition
| The origin of new species in evolution |
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Term
| Biological Species Concept |
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Definition
| Defines a species as a population or group of populations whose members have the potential to interbreed with one another in nature to produce viable, fertile offspring, but who cannot produce viable fertile offspring with members of other species.. |
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Term
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Definition
Impede mating between species or hinder the fertilization of ova if mating is attempted. This can occur through:
* Habitat isolation
* Behavioral isolation
* Mechanical isolation (tab A doesn't fit into slot B)
* Temporal isolation (isolated by different breeding times or seasons)
* Gametic Isolation (gametes fail to form a viable zygote)
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Term
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Definition
If a zygote is formed, postzygotic barriers usually prevent development into a viable, fertile adult. This can occur through:
* Reduced Hybrid Viability (offsprind do not live or are feeble)
* Reuced Hybrid Fertility
* Hybrid Breakdown (first generation is viable/fertile, but subsequent generations are not)
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Term
| Ecological Species Concept |
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Definition
| Defines a species in terms of its ecological niche, or the set of environmental resources it uses. A species' niche depends on its unique adaptations to a particular role in a biological community |
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| Pluralistic Species Concept |
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Definition
| The idea that there is no universal explanation for the cohesion of individuals that make up a species. |
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| Morphological Species Concept |
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Definition
| Characterizes each species in terms of a unique set of structural features |
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Term
| Genealogical Species Concept |
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Definition
| Defines a species as a set of organisms with a unique genetic history. |
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Definition
| A small population becomes a new species without geographic separation from its parent population |
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Definition
| A population forms a new species after becoming geographicaly isolated from its parent species. |
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Definition
| The emergenc of numerous species from a common ancestor |
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Term
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Definition
| A mutation in which the organism has more than two complete sets of chromosomes |
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Term
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Definition
| A type of polyploid species resulting from one species doubling its chromosome number to become tetraploid. This organism may self-fertilize or mate with other tetraploids. |
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Term
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Definition
| A common type of polyploid species resulting from two different species interbreeding and combining their chromosomes |
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Term
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Definition
| Concept that species diverge in spurts of rapid change, then change very little. Long periods of stasis punctuated by periods of speciation. |
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Term
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Definition
| Structures that evolve in one context, but become co-opted for another function |
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Term
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Definition
| The variation in the relative rates of growth of different parts of the body, this helps define body proportion. |
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Term
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Definition
| Evolutionary change in the rate or timing of development. For example, a mutation in a regulatory gene causing growth of a feature to end sooner than it normally would. |
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Definition
| Retaining juvenile features into adulthood |
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Term
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Definition
| Determine placement and spatial organization of an organism's features. |
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Term
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Definition
| Theory maintaining that the species living the longest and generating the greatest number of species determines the direction of major evolutionary trends. |
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