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Phylum: Chordata
Subgroup: Tetrapod
#Species in subgroup: 6150
Characteristics: Amphibian means "both ways of life", organisms in this group are adapted to both aquatic and terrestrial environments. They are mostly found in damp habitats liek swamps and rainforests. Rely on moisture and moist skin for gas exchange.
Ecological Impacts: There has been a rapid and alarming decline of amphibian population accross the world due to habitat loss, pollution disease and climate change. |
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Salamanders: May be completely in the water. They live on land as adults or may be completely terrestrial. Salamander limbs gives them unique walk where their body bends from side to side. Adult frogs legs are better for land because they have strong hind legs
Caecilians: Legless, nearly blind amphibians that live in tropical areas where they can burrow themselves in most forest soil.
Examples in Class:
-Hell-bender Salamander: one of the largest salamanders found in North Georgia. Largest found in China
-Frog
-Toad |
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Definition
Phylum: Chordata
Subgroup: Tetrapods
Types of Organisms in this Group: Mammals and Reptiles (including birds)
Characteristics: Produce an amniotic egg that is better suited for survival on land. Amniotic egg contains 4 specialized membranes which are extraembryonic layers. These layers grow from the embryo but don't develop into the body of the embryo itself. It allows the embryo to develop in an enclosed environment with the appropriate nutrients. It reduces itd dependence of water for survival. The amniotic egg of some are made of calcium or a leathery shell that surronds the egg. Some have embryos that develop withing mother's body: No need for shell.
-They use their rib-cage to ventilate their lungs while other organisms use their throat instead.
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Definition
Phylum: Chordata
Subgroup: Tetrapods
Types of Organisms: Turtles, tortoises, lizards, snakes, crocodiles and birds
Characteristics: Reptiles have scales or feathers that protect the animal's skin. Internal fertilization, however they excrete eggs with shells. Snakes and lizards are cold-blooded (exothermic), while birds are warm-blooded (endothermic). Birds have had structural modifications, mostly to adapt to flight. They are also toothless. Turtles have box-like shells made up of shields.
Ex: Rattlesnake, copperhead snake, humming bird, alligator and blue jay. |
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Definition
Phylum: Chordata
Subgroup: Tetrapods, Amniotes
Types of Organisms: Monotremes, Marsupials and Eutherians
Characteristics: Mammary glands which produce mile for their young. Hair on their bodies to help retain heat. More efficient respitory system (diaphram) and better circulation (4 chambered heart). Jaws of mammals have a variety of teeth with shapes and sizes for different foods. |
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Phylum:Chordata
Subgroup: Tetrapods, Amniotes, Mammals
Types of Organisms: Platypus and Echidna
Characteristics: Only found in Australia and New Guinea. Lay eggs and lack nipples. Their offspring get milk from glands are their fur.
Example: Platypus |
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Definition
Phylum: Chordata
Subgroup: Tetrapod, Amniote, Mammal
Characteristic: Give birth to live young. Their placenta is formed during development.
Ex. Kangaroo |
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Definition
Phylum: Chordata
Subgroup: Tetrapod, Amniote, Mammal
Characteristics: Placental mammals. Their placentas are more complex than that of marsupials.
Types of Organisms: Elephants, manatees, aardvarks, primates. Humans both extinct and living are eutherians because they have a large brain and bipedal locomotion. |
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Invertebrate
#Species: 700
Characteristics: -Diverse group of slow moving marine animals that inhabit the ocean bottom.
-Internal calcarious skeleton is covered by a thick skin. In many forms the skeleton extends as bumps or spines.
-Tube feet- Used for locomotion, feeding and gas exchange
Types of organism:
-Starfish-power of regeneration, like it can replace a whole limb
-Sea cucumbers-can turn themselves inside out to escape predators. When they do this they leave some organs behind and the predators eat that while the sea cucumber slowly escapes.
-Sand Dollar
-Sea urchin |
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Invertebrate
Types of Organisms: Sponges
Characteristics: Don't have mouths but have pores in their walls which absorb water, then the cells within the sponge absorbs the nutrients in the water |
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Invertebrate
Characteristics: Found solely in marine environments
-Use cnidocytes to capture their prey
Examples: Jellyfish, corals, anemones, hydras |
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Invertebrates
Types of Organisms: Spiders, insects, crabs
-Bodies that are divided into repeated segments. usually with paired limbs. Hard exoskeleton. |
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Invertebrate
aka. roundworm
-one of the most diverse of all the animal phyla.
-Have tubular digestive systems with openings at both ends
-Adapt to nearly all ecosystems, whether terrestrial or aquatic
-body is bilaterally symmetrical while the head is radially symmetrical.
-Slender worms that are usually less than 2.5mm in length |
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| Difference between Volvox and Ameoba? |
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Definition
| Volvox is an algae, which is a protist that is capable of photosynthesis. An Amoeba is a protozoan which has to depend on other organisms to obtain food (carbon source). |
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| Green algae that is multicellular. It is a eukaryote. It has a nucleus, cell wall. Round and green. |
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Unicellular
-Protist
-Consumes food by phagocytosis.
=Membrane enclosed organelles and nucleus.
-Moves by pseudopodia, where the amoeba throws out some ectoderm and the endoderm follows. |
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Aquatic plant
-Eukarya, plantae
-Multicellular
-Its green because the chlorophyll gives it its pigment.
-Contains cell wall, chloroplasts (which were moving), cell wall, and nucleus. |
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