Term
| Define Indirect Development |
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Definition
| Goes through stages of maturation(does not resemble the adult) |
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Term
| Define direct development |
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Definition
| The juvenile looks exactly like the adult. |
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Term
| Which phylum includes more than 1 million identified species of invertebrates? |
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Definition
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Term
| 45,000 known animal species are ___ ? |
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Definition
| Vertebrates (5,500 of these are mammals) |
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Term
| 10 of 37 phyla include species that live ___ ? |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F No phylum contains only terrestrial animals. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F All animals have aquatic ancestors. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F Choanoflagellates were the first animal to arise 570 MYA. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which period was the oldest animal fossils found? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which period did animals diversify? |
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Definition
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Term
| What types of fossils can be found at Burgess Shale? |
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Definition
| Sponges, Jellyfishes, Arthropods, Mollusks, and Worms |
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Term
| 4 major characteristics of Animals |
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Definition
1. Multicellular w/ eukaryotic cells (no cell walls)
2. Heterotrophs (obtain carbon and energy from organic compounds and organisms)
3. Reproduction process (blastula stage)
4. Cells secrete and bind to the extracellular matrix |
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Term
| Parazoa & Eumetazoa is the 2 clades from the first branching of the ___ ? |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F Animals can be classified by body symmetry? |
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Definition
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Term
| Sponges are asymmetrical meaning... ? |
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Definition
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Term
| Jellyfishes have radial symmetry meaning... ? |
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Definition
| You can divide the body from the mouth to the anus from any plane and still have mirror images. |
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Term
| Define Bilateral Symmetry |
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Definition
| 1 plane divides the animal into mirror images. |
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Term
| The tendency to concentrate sensory organs and a brain at the end of the animal is called ? |
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Definition
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Term
| The Blastula folds to generate the ___? |
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Definition
| Gastrula (composed of 2 or 3 tissue layers called primary germ layers) |
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Term
| Jellyfishes have 2 germ layers where every other animals have 3 germ layers (except sponges). Name the 3 germ layers and their location. |
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Definition
Ectoderm- (Outside) develops skin and nervous system
Mesoderm-(Middle) Muscles, reproductive system
Endoderm-(Inside) Digestive track and its organs |
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Term
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Definition
| Mouth develops first, anus second |
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Term
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Definition
| Anus develops first, mouth second |
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Term
Match
A. Coelom
B. Pseudocoelom
1. Lined partly w/ a mesoderm and endoderm
2. A fluid filled body cavity that forms completely within the mesoderm. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the coelom's major advantage? |
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Definition
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Term
| Define incomplete digestive tract |
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Definition
| The mouth takes in food and ejects waste. |
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Term
| Define complete digestive tract |
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Definition
| The mouth takes in food and the waste is ejected through the anus. |
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Term
Habitat-Aquatic
Body Structure- asymmetrical
Feeding- filter feeders
Movement- sessile(immobile)
Reproduction- asexual
Defense-produce toxic chemicals for defense
Human use- Bathing, anticancer drugs
Level of Organization- Cellular
What am I? |
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Definition
| Sponges (Phylum Porifera) |
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Term
Habitat-Aquatic
Body Structure- 2 radial symmetry forms (polyp and medusa)
Diversity- sea anemones are polyps and jellyfishes are medusas
Feeding-carnivores/ indirect digestive tract
Movement- hydrostatic skeleton (support and movement)
Reproduction- asexual and sexual reproduction
Defense-stinging for defense
Human use- Coral reefs protect coastlines from erosion, corals remove carbon from the atmosphere, sunscreen
Level of Organization- Tissue
What am I? |
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Definition
Cnidarians (Phylum Cnidaria)
Example- jellyfishes, coral reefs |
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Term
Habitat-free living
Body Structure- bilateral/unsegmented (flat)
Diversity-diversified into 3 groups (f-l f, f, t)
Feeding- incomplete digestive tract/feeds off blood/food through an intestine
No circulatory or respiratory systems,
Excretion- excrete waste through body pores
Has a nervous systems
Movement-creeping or swimming
Reproduction- asexual reproduction
Defense- has a protective mucus
Level of Organization- Organ System
What am I? |
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Definition
Flatworms (Phylum Platyhelminthes)
Example- flukes, tapeworms, free-living flatworms |
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Term
Habitat- Terrestrial, marine, and freshwater
Body Structure- bilateral/ they have a mantle(shell), a muscular foot,scrap food into their mouths through a radula
Diversity- 4 groups
Chitons- Bivalves have 2 part, hinged shells, Gastropods crawl for movement,
Feeding- Bivalves filter feed. Snails ans slugs herbivores. Cephalopods eat fish.
Circulatory System- Mollusks have an open circulatory system( blood pumps through tissues). Cephalopods have a closed circulatory system (blood pumps though veins).
Respiratory System- Gills and lungs
Excretory System- Nephridium filters blood and produces urine.
Nervous System- Varies (simple to complex)
Movement- Hydrostatic skeleton/ Cephalopods move by jet propulsion(squirting water out of their siphons. Bivalves use the muscular foot to burrow. Snails and slugs glide on a trail of mucus.
Reproduction- Bivalves have external reproduction, Gastropods and cephalopods have internal reproduction
Defense- A hard shell, camouflage, squirt melanin-pigmented ink
Human use- Jewelry, food, etc.
Level of Organization- Organ System
What am I? |
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Definition
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Term
| Cnidocytes are used for ___ in Cnidarians. |
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Definition
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Term
| What consists of a sessile stalk w/ tentacles on one end? (Cnidarians) |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a free-swimming, bell-shaped, tentacles down body form? (Cnidarians) |
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Definition
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Term
| Cephalization is present in what phylums? |
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Definition
| Flatworms(Platyhelminthes), Mollusks, Annelids, Nematoda, Arthropods |
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Term
| What has 8 flat shells that overlap like shingles? |
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Definition
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Term
| Oysters, Clams, Scallops, and Mussels are ___? |
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Definition
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Term
| Snails, Slugs, Sea Slugs, and Limpets are ___? |
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Definition
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Term
| Octopuses, squids, and nautiluses are ___? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is 8 arms connecting directly to the head called? |
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Definition
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Term
| Coelom is present in what phylums? |
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Definition
| Mollusks, Annelids, Nematoda, Arthropods, Echinoderms |
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Term
Habitat- Terrestrial, freshwater, and marine
Body Structure- Bilateral
Diversity- 3 groups of Annelids
Feeding- Deposit feeders, blood-suckers, filter feeders, eat other organisms
Circulatory System- All Annelids have a closed circulatory system except leeches.
Respiratory System- Gills,exchange gases through the body walls
Excretory System- Complete digestive tract
Movement- Various (craw, burrow, swim, etc.)
Reproduction- Asexual, external fertilization
Human use- Fertilization to the soil, fish bait, medical purposes, etc.
Level of Organization- Organ System
What am I? |
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Definition
| Segmented Worms (Annelids) |
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Term
| What has a saddle-like thickening called a clitellum that is visible at all times? |
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Definition
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Term
| What has suckers and superficial rings called annuli? |
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Definition
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Term
| What has paddle-like appendages called parapodia? |
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Definition
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Term
Habitat- Free-living, plants, and animals
Body Structure- Bilateral
Diversity- Genetic sequences, mouth shapes
Feeding- Feed on bacteria, fungi, plants, animals, suck blood
No Circulatory or Respiration Systems
Excretory System- Complete digestive tract
Nervous System- brain and 2 nerve cords
Movement- Hydrostatic skeleton
Reproduction- Sexual, Direct Development
Human use- Scientific Research
Level of Organization- Organ System
What am I? |
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Definition
| Roundworms (Phylum Nematoda) |
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Term
| What sheds their cuticle and grows a new one several times during their lives? |
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Definition
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Term
Habitat- Terrestrial, freshwater, and marine
Body Structure- Bilateral, segmented, exoskeleton
Feeding- Uses a mouth to eat organic matter, plant parts, and animals
Circulatory System- Open Circulatory System
Respiratory System- Book Lungs, Gills, Spiracles
Excretory System- Complete Digestive System
Nervous System- Present
Movement- Yes
Reproduction- Sexual, Direct and Indirect Development
Defense- bite, sting, make noises, camouflage, jump, dig, etc.
Human use- materials, food, etc.
Level of Organization- Organ System
What am I? |
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Definition
Arthropods(Phylum Arthropoda)
Example- Spiders, scorpions, etc. |
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Term
| Spiders belong to what subphyla of Arthropods? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the 2 groups of Chelicerates (Arthropoda) |
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Definition
| Horseshoe Crab and Arachnids |
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Term
| Insects, millipedes, and centipedes belong to what subphyla of Arthropods? |
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Definition
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Term
| Crustaceans such as shrimp, crabs, and lobsters belong to what subphyla of Arthropods? |
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Definition
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Term
Habitat- Marine
Body Structure- Bilateral larvae, radial adults
Diversity- 6 groups
Feeding- Predators
Respiratory System- Gills, respiratory tree
Excretory System- Complete digestive tract
Nervous System- No brain, senses nerves through the legs
Movement- pumping, swimming
Reproduction- Sexual
Defense- Produce chemicals, fuse into a protective shell, etc.
Human use- Food
Level of Organization- Organ System
What am I? |
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Definition
Echinoderms
Example- Sea stars, sand dollars |
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Term
| What are the 6 groups of Echinoderm? |
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Definition
| Sea lilies, sea stars, brittle stars, sea urchins, sand dollars, and sea cucumbers |
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