Term
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Definition
A change in allele frequencies in a
population over time. |
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Term
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Definition
| A process in which individuals that have inherited traits tent to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals BECAUSE of those traits. |
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Term
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Definition
The movement of alleles among
populations. (into or out of a population) |
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Term
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Definition
The random fluctuation in allele frequencies
over time, due to chance occurrences alone. |
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Term
| _______ does not evolve. Rather, it is the _______ that evolves over time. |
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Definition
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Term
| Darwin Observation #1: Members of a population often vary in their inherited traits. |
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Definition
| Inference #1: Individuals whose inherited traits gives them a higher probability of surviving and reproducing in a given environment tend to leave more offspring than other individuals. |
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Term
| Darwin Observation #2: All species can produce more offspring than their environment can support and many of these offspring fail to survive and reproduce. |
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Definition
| Inference #2: This unequal ability of individuals to survive and reproduce will lead to the accumulation of favorable traits in the population over generations. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ability to survive and reproduce. |
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Term
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Definition
| A group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area and interbreed, producing fertile offspring. |
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Term
| Mutations (regarding evolution) |
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Definition
| Introduction of new alleles. |
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Term
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Definition
| 10 Flowers of different color. Only two red flowers reproduce, resulting in a flower population of only red flowers. |
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Term
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Definition
| A sever drop in population size, resulting in a new ratio of genotypes and phenotypes. |
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Term
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Definition
| When a few individuals become isolated from a large population, and this group establishes a new population whose gene pool differs from the source population. |
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Term
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Definition
| Favors individuals with heritable characteristics, they survive and reproduce, and then later generations have more of those traits |
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Term
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Definition
A change in allele frequencies in a
population over time. |
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Term
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Definition
| All copies of every type of allele at every locus in all members in a population |
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Term
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Definition
| the contribution an individual makes to the gene pool of the next generation relative to the contributions of other individuals |
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Term
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Definition
| individuals with certain inherited characteristics are more likely than other individuals to obtain mates |
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Term
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Definition
| a difference in secondary sexual chacteristics between males and females of the same species |
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Term
| Why can't natural selection fashion the perfect organism? (four answers) |
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Definition
Selection can act only on existing variations.
Evolution is limited by historical constraints.
Adaptations are often compromises.
Chance, natural selection, and the environment interact. |
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Term
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Definition
| The fossil record is the history of life recorded by recognizable, physical evidence of organisms that lived long ago. The fossil record reveals the appearance of organisms in a historical sequence. |
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Term
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Definition
Biogeography, the study of the geographic distribution of
species, provides evidence of evolution.
The distribution of fossils and living populations are
consistent with predictions based on evolutionary theory. |
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Term
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Definition
Different species that have similar body parts may have
inherited them from a common ancestor. These are called homologous structures. |
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Term
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Definition
different organisms may show similarities in morphology
during their embryonic stages that often indicate
evolutionary relationships. |
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Term
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Definition
Species that have a close evolutionary relationship have
similar DNA sequences.
• Example: Human and chimpanzee DNA are 99.01% similar. |
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Term
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Definition
In thousands of studies, researchers have observed
populations in the wild, in agricultural settings, and in the
laboratory change genetically over time. |
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Term
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Definition
| similarity resulting from common ancestry |
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Term
| Highly conserved sequences |
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Definition
| Amino acid sequences that have had little to no change in many different species as they all evolve. |
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Term
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Definition
groups of interbreeding natural populations
that are reproductively isolated from other such groups. |
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Term
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Definition
Speciation that occurs based on geographical isolation is
called |
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Term
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Definition
| Speciation without geographical isolation. |
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Term
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Definition
the evolutionary history of a species or
group of related species |
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Term
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Definition
least number of steps to construct a
phylogeny |
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