Term
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Definition
| Two quaternary structures that are the same interacting |
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Term
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Definition
| A quaternary structure that has different proteins interacting |
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Term
| What causes an alpha helix versus the beta sheet? |
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Definition
| The array that it is comprised, the side chains, hydrophobic vs hydrophilic |
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Term
| Will glycene form an alpha helix? |
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Definition
| No it will destablize the helix |
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Term
| Will the proline form an alpha helix? |
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Definition
| No it will break the helix |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
| What do the fats (lipid) do? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| three fatty acids linked to glycerol by dehydration reactions that priduce ester likages |
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Term
| Are fats saturated or unsaturated? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe saturated (with hydrogen) |
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Definition
no double bonds
solid at room temperature-no double bond |
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Term
| Describe unsaturated (with hydrogen) |
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Definition
at least one double bond
liquid at room temperature - cis double bond causes bending |
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Term
| Why are saturated usually solid a RT vs unsturated having liquid at RT? |
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Definition
A packing phenomenon
solid=tightly packed molecules
liquid=loosely packed molecules |
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Term
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Definition
fats not normally found in biological systems
more likely to form a solid at room temperature |
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Term
| How are transfats formed? |
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Definition
An unsaturated fat tries to turn into a saturated fat. Sometimes science doesn't science and creates transfats on the side-produced during hydrogenation of unsaturation of fats
Transfat=trans isomer
cisfat-cis isomer |
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Term
| Are transfats found in biological systems? |
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Definition
No, they are not normally found inbiological systems
Produced during hydrogenation of unsaturated fats
Increases shelf life, less 'grease'
decrease shelf life of heart(we cant process this naturally) |
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Term
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Definition
| similar to structure of fat except one of the fatty acids is substituted by a phosphate used to bridge to othe small (or even large compounds) |
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Term
| Is a phospholipid hydrophobic or hydrophilic? |
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Definition
| both, the head is philic and tail is phobic |
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Term
| What is the behavior of phospholipids? |
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Definition
| Hydrophobic interacts with hydrophobic, hydrophillic with hydrophilic |
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Term
|
Definition
Hydrophobic tails pointing inward
Hydrophilic heads pointing outward
like a ball |
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Term
|
Definition
phobic pointing in
philic pointing out
like a sheet |
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Term
|
Definition
Philic pointing in
phobic pointing out
phobic pointing in
philic pointing out
looks like an eyeball |
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Term
| What are predominant components of cell membranes? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| attachment of lipid to a protein will target that protein to the membrane |
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Term
| What is an example of lipids in signaling? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are steroids comprised of? |
|
Definition
four fused carbon rings-made by bending fatty acids and cross-linking them with covalent bonds
amphipathetic
cell memrane component |
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Term
| How are steroid hormones used? |
|
Definition
as signaling molecules
hydrophilic to be soluble in water
hydrophobic enough to cross membrane |
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Term
| What are nucleic acids comprised of? |
|
Definition
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Term
| What are nucleic acids monomer? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| What are nucleic acid polymer? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| What are nucleic acids function? |
|
Definition
Storage and transmission of information
some enzymatic functions related to these tasks |
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Term
| What is a nucleotide made of? |
|
Definition
Nitrogenous base
Sugar (pentose)
Phosphate group |
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Term
| What are polynucleotides comprised of? |
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Definition
| sugars linked via phosphodiester bonds linking 3' hydroxyl of one nucleotide sugar to 5' phosphate of other |
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Term
| Are there variations in bases and sugar within nucleic acids? |
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Definition
| Yes, some are compound-specific |
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Term
| What are the Nitrogenous bases in DNA? |
|
Definition
Cytosine
Adenine
Guanine
Thymine |
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Term
| What are the nitrogenous bases in the RNA? |
|
Definition
Cytosine
Adenine
Guanine
Uracil |
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Term
| What is the sugar in DNA? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the sugar in RNA? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What are the two purines? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| What are the two pyrimidines in DNA and RNA? |
|
Definition
Cytosine (both)
Thymine (DNA)
Uracil (RNA) |
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Term
| What are the pyrimidines? |
|
Definition
One ring
Cytosine, Thymine(DNA), Uracil(RNA) |
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Term
|
Definition
two rings
Adenine and Guanine |
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Term
| What are the structures of DNA and TRNA? |
|
Definition
nitrogenous bases form specific pairing interactions via hydrogen bonding
Forms double helix
Two chains (or regions of chains)
antiparallel |
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|
Term
| What are the 4 functions of Lipids? |
|
Definition
Storage
Structure
Signaling
Targeting |
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|
Term
| How do phospholipids separate inside form outside? |
|
Definition
| Using a hydrophobic barrier |
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