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| The entire portion of Earth inhabited by life; the sum of all the planet’s ecosystems. |
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| All the organisms in a given area as well as the abiotic factors with which they interact; one or more communities and the physical environment around them. |
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| All the organisms that inhabit a particular area; an assemblage of populations of different species living close enough together for potential interaction. |
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| A localized group of individuals of the same species that can interbreed, producing fertile offspring. |
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An individual animal, plant, or single-celled life form. |
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| A specialized center of body function composed of several different types of tissues. |
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| An integrated group of cells with a common function, structure, or both. |
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| The smallest structural and functional unit of an organism, typically microscopic and consisting of cytoplasm and a nucleus enclosed in a membrane. Microscopic organisms typically consist of a single cell, which is either eukaryotic or prokaryotic |
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| Any of several membrane-enclosed structures with specialized functions, suspended in the cytosol of eukaryotic cells. |
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| A group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction. |
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| The smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element. |
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| An organism that produces organic compounds from CO by harnessing light energy (in photosynthesis) or by oxidizing inorganic chemicals (in chemosynthetic reactions carried out by some prokaryotes). |
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| An organism that generally obtains food by feeding on other organisms or organic matter due to lack of the ability to manufacture own food from inorganic sources; a heterotroph. |
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| A type of cell with a membrane-enclosed nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles. Ex: protists, plants, fungi, and animals. |
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A type of cell lacking a membrane-enclosed nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles. Ex: Bacteria
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| A taxonomic category above the kingdom level. The three domains are Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya |
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| A process in which organisms with certain inherited characteristics are more likely to survive and reproduce than are organisms with other characteristics. |
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| Descent with modification; the idea that living species are descendants of ancestral species that were different from the present-day ones; also defined more narrowly as the change in the genetic composition of a population from generation to generation. |
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| (hī-poth′-uh-sis) A tentative answer to a well-framed question, narrower in scope than a theory and subject to testing. |
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| An explanation that is broad in scope, generates new hypotheses, and is supported by a large body of evidence. |
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