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Biology 1-5
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38
Biology
Undergraduate 1
09/17/2007

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Term
Biotic
Definition
living: organism, population, cell, consumers
Term
Abiotic
Definition
nonliving: atom, molecule, cell, tissue
Term
Light Microscope
Definition
bends light to show the image. 2D, shows parts of a cell. EX: chloroplast
Term
Transmission electron
Definition
uses beams of electrons. shows cross section, 2D and some 3D
Term
Scanning Electron
Definition
uses beams of electrons. shows surfaces of cells to show 3D image
Term
Eukaryotic
Definition
multicelled, has nucleus plants animals
Term
Prokaryotic
Definition
simple and smaller than eukaryotic, has no nucleus or cytoskeleton. bacteria
Term
What 3 basic parts do all cells have?
Definition
DNA
plasma membrane
cytoplasm
Term
cytoplasm
Definition
fluid filling the cell
Term
nucleus
Definition
Prokaryotic only
contains the DNA
control center of the cell
Term
chromatin/chromosome
Definition
nuclear DNA attached to proteins making long fibers, each fiber is a chromosome
Term
nucleolus
Definition
builds ribosomes
Term
smooth ER
Definition
lacks ribosomes
synthesis of lipids
fatty acids, phospholipids, steriods
Term
rough ER
Definition
makes more membrane
modifies protiens
Term
golgi
Definition
molecular warehouse
modifies substances from smooth Er
ships molecules out
Term
lysosomes
Definition
animal cells
breaks down and digests
Term
vacuoles
Definition
lager than vesicles
plants have central
absorbs water
may contain poisons
Term
mitochondria
Definition
eukaryotic
cellular respiration
converts sugars to chemical energy
Term
cilia and flagella
Definition
movement
cell shape
anchorage
Term
hydrogen bond
Definition
weak
decrease evaporation
Term
covelant bond
Definition
strong
two atoms share one or more pairs of outer shell e-
Term
ionic bond
Definition
two ions with opposite charges attract each other
Term
water
Definition
solvent of life
causes aqueous solutions
Term
carbs
Definition
glucose
monosaccaride c6h12o6
poly- many sugar, muscle tissue
sucrose - table sugar
Term
Nucleic Acid
Definition
nucleotide
DNA ATP
polynucleotides
Term
proteins
Definition
amino acids
made of polypeptide chains
Term
lipids
Definition
fatty acids
monoglyceride
NOT a true polymer
Term
condensation
Definition
loses water
Term
hydolysis
Definition
addition of water causing break down of macromolecules
Term
lipids funtions 5
Definition
energy storage
makes waxy protections
cushion vital organs
Term
enzymes
Definition
speed up rxn
need to survive
key and lock
change heat and ph
sucrace
lactace
peptin
amalyse- starch in mouth
tryspin - protein
lipace- triglycerides
Term
inhibiters
Definition
toxins
poisons
make change irreversible
binds to enzyme
Term
passive transport
Definition
diffusion across membrane without energy
Term
active transport
Definition
movement across against concentration gradient requires energy
Term
diffusion
Definition
movement from more concentrate to less
Term
osmosis
Definition
diffusion of water across selectively permeable
Term
hydroxl
Definition
oh
alcohol
Term
functional groups
Definition
hydroxyl
carbonyl
carboxyl
amino group
phosphate group
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