Term
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Definition
Has a prokaryotic cell (small with no internal organelles) DNA NOT in a separate nucleus - Bacteria and cyanobacteria (blue greens)
3.8 billion years (based on stable isotopes) |
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Term
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Definition
Eukaryotic (has internal organelles)
DNA inside a nucleus
Unicellular, colonial or simple multicellular organisms
Algae, protozoans (amoeba), slime molds, water molds
2.1 billion years old |
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Term
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Definition
multicellular, eukaryotic, photosynthesis
470 million years ago |
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Term
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Definition
Multicellular eukaryotic and hetrotrophic
digestion occurs outside the body
mushrooms, molds, yeasts |
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Term
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Definition
Eukaryotic, multicellular, hetrerotrophic
digest internally
sponges, worms, crustaceans (invertebrates) and fishes, reptiles, mammals (vertebrates)
700 Million years ago (sponges) |
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Term
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Definition
| individuals within a species are not the same. Individuals with characteristics that make it easier to survive and reproduce are more likely to pass on their genes. Offspring are more likely to have the characteristics that made it more likely to survive and reproduce |
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Term
| What organisms are associated with timeline 2-3 billion years ago? |
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Definition
| bacteria, single cell organisms |
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Term
| What organisms are associated with timeline 600 million years ago? |
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Definition
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Term
| What organisms are associated with timeline 500 million years ago? |
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Definition
molluscs, brachiopods, arthropods, echinoderms, annelids, chordates appear in fossil records
First vertebrates (515 mya) |
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Term
| What organisms are associated with timeline 400 million years ago? |
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Definition
| centipede, arachnid, fish |
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Term
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Definition
| Flint Rock found by shores of lake superior used to make 'slices' to find bacteria fossils. 2 billion years old |
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Term
| What is the major contribution of blue greens to the development of life? |
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Definition
| They released oxygen and helped to create the ozone |
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Term
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Definition
| use photosynthesis, helped to create the ozone |
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Term
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Definition
| basic building blocks of life - can create copies of itself, is a blueprint for production of new cells |
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Term
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Definition
| A piece of code within DNA |
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Term
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Definition
| cells that have cilia, larger single cell |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
earliest animal - some have internal skeleton. no mouth, no muscles, no nervous system
Type - Porifera
700 mya |
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Term
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Definition
Actual multi-cellular animal
Medusa is tentacle form, polyp is 'coral like' form with eggs for reproduction
650 mya first jellyfish
Cnidaria |
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Term
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Definition
colony, not true jellyfish
has bag filled with gas, dips into water to cool off |
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Term
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Definition
medusa - sexual cells released into sea
egg and sperm unite, form a new organism
becomes stationary polyp
reproduces asexyually new organism buds off and becomes free swimming, becomes medusa |
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Term
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Definition
polyps that specialize
flexible skeleton
Up to 6,000 meters |
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Term
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Definition
Lime stone skeletons
form reefs
Can live up to 40 meters deep |
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Term
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Definition
Sponges
body made of cells, no tissues or organs present; radial or no symmetry; endoskeleton
700 mya |
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Term
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Definition
Jellyfish and corals
radial symmetry; hydrostatic skeleton (skeleton made of water)
650 mya |
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Term
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Definition
flatworms, flukes, tapeworms
flat body, bilateral symmetry; gut with mouth but no anus; hydrostatic skeleton |
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Term
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Definition
Coelom is major evolutionary advance
fluid-filled body cavity that seperates muscles from digestive tract
primitive circulatory system
digestive systems with both mouth and anus |
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Term
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Definition
Mainly extint; 300 living species
shells present; primarily marine; bilateral symmetry; exoskeleton |
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Term
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Definition
snails, clams, scallops, nautilus, squid, octopi
no segmentation; body is covered by mantle; head and muscular foot; shell usually present; shel is exoskeleton; bilateral symmetry |
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Term
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Definition
Segmented worms
body arranged in repeateding body segments; respiration across skin or gills; bilateral symmetry; hydrostatic skeleton |
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Term
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Definition
Horseshoe crabs, millipedes, spiders and scorpions, crustaceans, insecta
bilateral symmetry; segmentation; jointed appendages; exoskeleton made of chitin |
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Term
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Definition
Type of mollusk
paired shells such as scallops and giant clams |
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Term
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Definition
type of mollusk, feathery outgrowths allow it to float
preys on jellyfish, uses jellyfish stinging cells as a secondary weapon |
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Term
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Definition
Type of mollusca
has flotation chambers that allow animal to move around
has eyes without lenses
has dozens of tentacles used to detect food, reproduction, fight with prey
500 million years ago |
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Term
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Definition
extinct
had floation chambers, as they grew bodies occupied only the outer chamber
dominated the seas for 200 million years
died 50 million years ago |
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Term
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Definition
Echinodermata
sea lily, ancestor also worm
developed boy plates to strengthen and protect themselves
300 mya |
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Term
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Definition
crinoids, sea stars, starfish, brittle stars, sea cucumbers
marine organisms; body divided into 5 parts around central disc with mouth in center
water vascular system present with tube feet for movement
adults have 5-fold symmetry
endoskeleton |
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Term
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Definition
stiff, rod-like norochord running down the back that serves as a skeleton
hollow dorsal nerve cord
pharyngeal gill slits
muscular postanal tail
(we are members of this group)
segmented, bilateral symmetry |
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Term
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Definition
sea squirts
notochord and hollow dorsal nerve; bilateral symmetry
hydrostatic skeletons (this is difference between chordata) |
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Term
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Definition
fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals
notochord replaced or surrounded by a vertebral column of bone or cartilage |
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Term
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Definition
arthropoda
shell that is part calcium carbon, part chitin
had fantastic eyes with developed lenses
540 million years ago |
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Term
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Definition
anthropoda
headshield, pair of eyes that are mosaic; segmented body; pair of legs on each segment; a fist with a hook on males
ancestor is trilobyte |
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Term
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Definition
arthropoda
crab, shrimp, prawns
major disadvantage that external shell does not grow with body, must be shed, animal is vulnerable at this time.
salts are reabsorbed into blood stream before shell drops, when shell hardens as salts are fed back into shell
uses pigments for camouflage
advantage of external skeleton - works as well on land as on water |
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Term
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Definition
Crustacean that has made move to land.
moves to water to breed; absorbs oxygen in a chamber, absorbs oxygen through lining |
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Term
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Definition
| plant form that has full number of chromosomes (diploid), undergoes meiosis to produce spores - this piece for variety |
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Term
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Definition
plant
haploid with half the number of chromosomes; uses mitosis to form gametes (eggs and sperm); once fertilization happens, zygotes (fertilized eggs) grow into sporophyte - this piece for diversity |
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Term
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Definition
| half the normal number of chromosomes, is produced FROM sporophyte, produces gametophyte |
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Term
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Definition
full number of chromosomes
is produced from gametophyte and produces sporophyte |
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Term
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Definition
| plants developed this to prevent dehydration |
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Term
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Definition
| sexual reproduction that produces haploid cells |
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Term
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Definition
| asexual reproduction that produces cells that are identical to original cell; produces diploid cell |
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Term
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Definition
| holes in plants to allow breathing |
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Term
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Definition
mosses, liverworts, hornworts
do not have specialized tissue for conducting water and food
gametophyte generation usually the dominate form, require water to reproduce |
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Term
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Definition
9 groups of living vascular plants - fossils dated to 430 million years
Vascular tissue to transport water or food, support plant walls
sporophyte generation is large, independent and dominate; the plant body has specialized roots, stems and leaves |
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Term
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Definition
earliest vascular plant
Not moss
body with roots, erect stems as well as trailing stems; numerous small leaves; water necessary for reproduction; seedless
400 mya |
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Term
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Definition
vascular
underground stems give rise to hollow, erect stem with tiny leaves; water necessary for reproduction; seedless |
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Term
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Definition
vascular
underground stem, roots, large leaves (fronds) with many veins; water necessary for reproduction; seedless; sperm and eggs are produced on the underside of the gametophyte, protects them and minimizes the amount of water needed for the sperm to swim to the egg |
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Term
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Definition
vascular
large leaves, aboveground roots, sexes seperate, reproductive organs in cones, swimming sperm delivered in pollen; produces seed |
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Term
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Definition
vascular
needle like or scale like leaves; reproductive cones with seeds; produces wind-carried pollen that delivers sperm to eggs |
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Term
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Definition
| Last plant group to evolve; reproductive organs in flowers; seeds enclosed in fruit; pollen often delivered to female parts of flowers by animals; flower trees, shrubs and herbs |
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Term
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Definition
Arthropodes
vegetarians segmented body with two pairs of walking legs |
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Term
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Definition
arthropods also arachnids
divided into two parts, four pairs of legs (8 legs) |
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Term
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Definition
large pincers, has stinger which contains venom
425 million years old, oldest terrestial arthropod |
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Term
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Definition
has silk glands on abdomen
not all spiders spin webs
spiders have poison glands |
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Term
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Definition
arthropid
divided into three parts; head, thorax and abdomen.
one pair of antennae; three pairs of legs that attach to the thorax; most have one or two pairs of wings; compound eyes; elaborate mouthparts |
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