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Definition
| The study of the relationship between the physiological systems in the body and behaviour |
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Definition
| A nerve cell: a cell that is specialized to conduct nerve impulses |
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| A slender projection of a nerve cell which conducts nerve impulses from the synapse to the body of the cell |
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Definition
| The long extension from a neuron that transmits outgoing signals to other cells |
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| The coating on some neurons (nerve cells) that that acts as an insulator to speed the conduction of nerve impulses. It is like the insulation on an electrical wire |
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Definition
| This happens when a neuron is activated and temporarily reverses the electrical state of its interior membrane from negative to positive (depolarizes). This electrical charge travels along the axon to the neuron's terminal where it triggers or inhibits the release of a neurotransmitter. |
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Definition
| The first neurotransmitter to be identified. It is one of many neurotransmitters in the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and the only neurotransmitter used in the motor division of the somatic nervous system. Found in reduced levels in the brains of Alzheimer's patients. |
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Term
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Definition
| A neurotransmitter produced in the brain that generates effects like those of morphine. It plays an important role in pain and mood. |
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Term
| central nervous system (CNS) |
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Definition
| This system consists of the brain and spinal cord. |
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Term
| peripheral nervous system (PNS) |
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Definition
| The nervous system which links the spine and brain to the skin, muscles, blood vessels and other sensory organs |
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Definition
| Type of nerve cell that responds to sensory stimuli in the PNS. |
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| A type of nerve cell that connects sensory and motor neurons and interprets an impulse. |
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| A type of nerve cell that transmits messages away from the CNS to the PNS. They are key to controlling muscles. |
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Definition
| This is the part of the peripheral nervous system associated with the voluntary control of body movements . |
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Definition
| Controlled by the brainstem, this system is responsible for vital but involuntary functions(like breathing and circulation) |
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| sympathetic nervous system |
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Definition
| The part of the autonomic nervous system that helps mobilize the body for action. (heart rate increases, breathing rate increases, blood vessels narrows, muscles tighten) |
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| parasympathetic nervous system |
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Definition
| Division of the ANS, primarily aroused in states of rest and relaxation (slows heart rate, increases gland activity, relaxes muscles) |
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Definition
| An automatic response to a simple stimulus which does not require mental processing. |
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Term
| electroencephalogram (EEG) |
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Definition
| Recording of the brain-wave patterns or electrical impulses of the brain from electrodes placed on the scalp |
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| CT (computed tomography) scan |
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Definition
| A diagnostic technique that uses X-rays and a computer to show sections of the brain |
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| PET (positron emission tomography) scan |
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Definition
| A diagnostic technique which uses low-dose radioactive glucose to measure brain activity |
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| MRl (magnetic resonance imaging) |
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Definition
| A diagnostic imaging technique that uses a magnetic field and radio waves to produce highly detailed images of the brain |
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Definition
| The bundle of nerve fibers which is located below the cerebrum and above the spinal cord. |
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Definition
| The most vital part of the brain because it contains centers controlling breathing and heart functioning |
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Definition
| The most vital part of the brain because it contains centers controlling breathing and heart functioning |
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Definition
| a part of the brain stem which is crucial to awakeness |
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Definition
| a part of the brain stem which is crucial to awakeness |
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Term
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Definition
| ("little brain" in Latin) Located at the back of the head its primary role is to maintain the balance and coordination of voluntary movement |
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