This type of neuron takes in information from body tissues and sense organs and transmit it to the spinal cord and brain.

Sensory Neuron

or

Afferent Neuron

This type of neuron send information in the opposite direction away from the spinal cord and brain.

Motor Neuron

or

Efferent Neuron

This type of neuron communicates with other neurons.

Inter-nerons

or association neurons

Cell anatomy

this is the short bushy fiber that takes informationin fro outside the cell

dendrite

cell anatomy

relatively long fibers that pass information along to other nerve cells, to glands or to muscles

axons

cell anatomy

a fatty tissue that surrounds the axon and accelerates transmission of information

myelin sheath

anatomy of neuron

a signal from a sense receptor or another neuron, coming through a dendrite,

 triggers an ____ _____ (electrical impulse)

and signals electrical activity in a neuron, muscle gland etc

action potential

fluid inside a resting axon contains what type of charged atoms?

negatively charged ion

fluid outside the axon contains what charged atoms?

positively charged ions

the arrangement of negitive charged ions inside the axon and positive charged ions outside, is called the

_______ ________

resting potential

anatomy of a nerve cell

after a axon fires and lets in positively charge ions inside the negitively charged axon and fires, afterward is called the

____ period

refractory period

neurotransmitters

where one neuron meets another, the gap between them is called a _____

synaptic gap

neurotransmitters

th

the junction between 2 neurons

synapse

__________ are chemicals contained in vesicles within the axon terminal. when action arrives at the terminal, the ___________ are released in to the synaptic cleft.

They then bind to receptor cites at the dentrites.

neurotransmitters

________ is a neurotransmitter that helps control sleep and arousal.

serotonin

Drugs that mimic a particular neurotransmitter or make more of it available by blocking it's re-uptake are called

__________.

Agonists

Drugs that block a neurotransmitter or inhibit its release are called a _______.

Antagonists

_______ nervous system includes brain and spinal cord

_______nervous system inludes sensory and motor neurons that connect brain and spinal cord to rest of body.

Central Nervous System

Peripheral Nervous System

The PNS (peripheral) is divided up into 2 systems:

Somatic and autonomic

the ______ nervous system of the PNS accomplishes 2 functions, first it carries info from muscles and sense organs to the CNS allowing for sensation of pressure and pain. 

Second, it carries messages from CNS to skeletal muscles allowing for volunatary movement.

(Exteral)

Somatic Nervous System

External

the ______ nervous system of the PNS regulates body's environemnt and controlling glands and organs involuntarily.

(Internal)

Autonomic Nervous System

internal

the autonomic system can be broke down into 2 parts:

________ nervous system prepares you for action.

Arouses

Sympathetic Nervous System

the autonomic system can be broke down into 2 parts:

________ Nervous System deactivtes the systems mobilized, includes decreased heart rate, breathing and digestive functions

modulates

Parasympathetic Nervous System

the brain

the ________ sits on top of the brainstem and receives info about touch, taste, sight and hearing (NOT SMELL) and sends the info to higher brain regions

Thalamus

 the brain

the _____ ______ runs through both the brain stem and thalamus and is known mostly for its control of arousal and lseep, but it also filters all incoming stimuli and sends that info to other parts of the brain

Reticular Formation

the brain

The most notable function of the _______, which is at the rear base of the brainstem, is the coordination of voluntary movement. 

Cerebellum

the brain

The _____ system sits between these older parts of the brain, and morerecently evolved cerebral cortex and comprises several component structures.

hippocampus, amygdala, hypothalamus, pituitary glan

Limbic System

the brain

the ______ processes memory

Hippocampus

the brain

the _______ influences fear and anger, damage to one area may cause rage or other areas may cause placidity

Amygdala

the brain

neural networks within the _______ influence thirst, hunger, sexual behaviour. it also controls the pitutary gland

Hypothalamus

the brain

the _____ gland ( aka master gland) influences the release of hormones from other glands

pituitary gland

the brain

the ______ Cortex, the outer covering of the brian, is primarily involved in motor, cognitive and sensory processes.  the left and right hemispheres of the ______ cortex is comprised of 4 regions

cerebral cortex

the brain

The ____ ______ (just behind forehead) play part in coordinating movement and in higher level thinking such as planning and predicting the consequenses of behaviors. Also involved in speech.

Frontal lobes

thebrain

someone with damage to _____ _____, which is in the frontal lobe, can inderstand speech, but can only speak slowly with great difficulty

Broca's Area

the brain

someone with damage to ____ _____ can physically speak, but nly string together meaningless words

wernicke's area

the brain

the _____ lobes are at the top of the head, but behind the frontal lobes.  they are involved in the sense of touch, among other things and allow us to keep tabs on where our hands and feet are

parietal lobes

the brain

just above and either sides of the ears are the _____ lobes, which are involved in hearing

at the base of the skull, the _____ lobes are involved with vision

temporal lobes

occipital lobes