Term
| Technical name for platelets |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of platelets? |
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Definition
| The function is the maintenance of hemostasis. |
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Term
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Definition
| The straw-colored liquid component of blood in which the blood cells in whole blood are normally suspended. It makes up about 55% of the total blood volume. |
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Term
| What substances can be found in plasma? |
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Definition
| Water, salts, substances in transport, Plasma proteins (globulins, fibrogen, albumins) |
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Term
| How is plasma different from serum? |
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Definition
| Serum is plasma without fibrogen. |
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Term
| How is plasma different from interstitial fluid? |
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Definition
| Interstitial fluid is the tissue fluid found between cells in all animals. |
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Term
| How is plasma different from lymph? |
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Definition
| Lymph is a clear fluid that is formed from Interstitial fluid. |
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Term
| A circulatory system consists of: |
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Definition
| Blood, a pumping organ (heart), blood vessels |
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Term
| Structure and function of arteries: |
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Definition
| An elastic blood vessel that transports blood away from the heart. There are two main types: pulmonary arteries and systemic arteries. Pulmonary - carries blood from the heart to the lungs where the blood picks up oxygen. Systemic - delivers blood to the rest of the body. |
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Term
| Structure and function of veins: |
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Definition
| An elastic blood vessel that transports blood from various regions of the body to the heart. Four main types: pulmonary, systemic, superficial, and deep veins. |
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Term
| Structure and function of capillaries: |
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Definition
| An extremely small blood vessel located within the tissues of the body, that transports blood from arteries to veins. |
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Term
| Structure and function of blood vessels: |
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Definition
| Intricate networks of hollow tubes that transport blood throughout the entire body. |
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Term
| Structure and function of the heart coverings: |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the smooth thin membrane that lines the inner surface of the heart chambers. |
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Term
| Structure and function of the heart valves: |
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Definition
| flap-like structures that allow blood to flow in one direction. |
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Term
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Definition
| Two large veins that join to form the superior vena cava. |
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Term
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Definition
| Transport oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| Veins that join to form the inferior vena cava |
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Term
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Definition
| Transport de-oxygenated blood from various regions of the body to the heart. |
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Term
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Definition
| Supply oxygenated blood to the arms. |
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Term
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Definition
| Supply oxygenated blood to the head and neck regions of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| Carries oxygenated blood from the aorta to the head, neck and arm regions of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| The largest artery in the body of which most major arteries branch off from. |
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Term
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Definition
| Carry oxygenated blood from the abdominal aorta to the legs and feet. |
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Term
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Definition
| Carry oxygenated and nutrient filled blood to the heart muscle. |
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Term
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Definition
| Carries de-oxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sequence of events that occurs when the heart beats. There are two phases of the cardiac cycle. In the diastole phase, the heart ventricles are relaxed and the heart fills with blood. In the systole phase, the ventricles contract and pump blood to the arteries. One cardiac cycle is completed when the heart fills with blood and the blood is pumped out of the heart. |
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Term
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Definition
| The epicardium is a thin outer membrane of the heart wall and is also described as the inner most layer of the serous pericardium known as the visceral pericardium. |
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Term
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Definition
| the heart muscle itself, and varies in thickness depending on its location, being thin in the atria and thick in the ventricles. |
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Term
| How many layers is the heart wall made up of? |
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Definition
| Three layers: endocardium, myocardium and epicardium |
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Term
| Sinoatrial Node (SA Node) |
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Definition
| The pacemaker of the heart located in the right atrium of the heart. |
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Term
| Factors that change the heart rate |
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Definition
Internal Factors, External Factors,
Disease |
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Term
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Definition
| A medical device which uses electrical impulses, delivered by electrodes contacting the heart muscles, to regulate the beating of the heart. |
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Term
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Definition
| The pressure exerted by circulating blood upon the walls of blood vessels, and is one of the principal vital signs. |
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Term
| What blood vessel is typically used to measure blood pressure? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| phase of the cardiac cycle in which the heart is contracting. |
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Term
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Definition
| phase of the cardiac cycle in which the heart is relaxed. |
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Term
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Definition
| a multifactorial disease that usually develops many years before any clinical symptoms are manifest; it is caused by risk factors such as hyperlipoproteinemia, highcholesterol diet, smoking, and diabetes mellitus. Clinical events include ischemic heart disease (coronary arteries), arterial occlusive disease (peripheral arteries), stroke (cerebral arteries), kidney failure (renal arteries), and aortic aneurism (aorta). |
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Term
| Myocardial Infarction (i.e., heart attack) |
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Definition
| results from the interruption of blood supply to a part of the heart, causing heart cells to die. |
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Term
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Definition
| a faster than normal heart rate. A healthy adult heart normally beats 60 to 100 times a minute when a person is at rest. |
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Term
| Circulatory system of Mollusks |
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Definition
| Has an open circulatory system, meaning the blood does not circulate entirely within vessels but is collected from the gills, pumped through the heart, and released directly into spaces in the tissues from which it returns to the gills and then to the heart. |
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Term
| Circulatory system of Earthworms |
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Definition
| Circulates blood exclusively through vessels in a closed system. There are three main vessels that supply the blood to organs (aortic arches, dorsal blood vessels, and ventral blood vessels). The 5 pairs of aortic arches function like a human heart, and have the responsibility of pumping blood into the dorsal and ventral blood vessels. The dorsal blood vessels are responsible for carrying blood to the front of the body. The ventral blood vessels are responsible for carrying blood to the back of the body. |
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Term
| Circulatory system of Flatworms |
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Definition
| Get most of their oxygen through diffusion. Since they have no specialized circulatory system, their flatness gives them a greater surface area to absorb more oxygen. |
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Term
| Circulatory system of Jellyfish |
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Definition
| Do not have a specialized circulatory system. Jellyfish also do not have a brain, nervous system and digestive system. Skin is thin enough and so oxygenation takes place by direct diffusion. |
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Term
| Circulatory system of Sponges |
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Definition
| Do not possess a circulatory systems. They depend on maintaining a constant water flow through their bodies to obtain food and oxygen and to remove wastes, and the shapes of their bodies are adapted to maximize the efficiency of the water flow. |
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Term
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Definition
A type of circulatory system in which the blood flows through a continuous circuit of blood vessels
(annelids, cephlopods, & vertebrates) |
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Term
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Definition
A type of circulatory system in which the blood bathes the tissue directly.
(anthropods, mollusks) |
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Term
| Cellular Compenents of Blood made in the body |
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Definition
| include red corpuscles (erythrocytes), platelets (thrombocytes), and five types of white corpuscles (leukocytes). |
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Term
| Function of the Cardiovascular System |
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Definition
| The primary function of the is to circulate blood to all tissues of the body, in order that all cells receive their needed nutrients, and that their waste products can then be returned, through the venous system to the kidneys, liver and intestines for processing and excretion. |
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Term
| Functional Unit of the Cardiovascular System |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
It carries oxygen to cells; waste (carbon dioxide, Urea and lactic acid - via diffusion) away from cells; & various disease-fighting cells such as the "white" blood cells.
Part of the body's self-repair mechanism (blood clotting after an open wound in order to stop bleeding - using 'Platelets')
Regulation of body PH. & core body temperature. |
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Term
| Circulatory system of Echinoderms |
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Definition
| Does not have a circulatory system, they have a hemal system which is thought to help distribute food to various parts of the body. |
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Term
| Circulatory system of Vertebrates |
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Definition
| Have a closed circulatory system in which the blood stays in the blood vessels and recirculates. |
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Term
| Circulatory system of Anthropods |
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Definition
| Have an open circulatory system consisting of a dorsal heart and a system of arteries that may be very limited (as in insects) or extensive (as in crabs). The arteries deliver blood into tissue spaces (hemocoels), from which it eventually drains back to a large pericardial sinus surrounding the heart. A varying number of paired openings (ostia) are located along the length of the heart and permit blood to flow in when the valves are open. |
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Term
| Which white blood cells do not have granules? |
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Definition
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Term
| Types of white blood cells |
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Definition
| Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Basophils, Monocytes, Lymphoctes |
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Term
| Which type of white blood cell has granules in their cytoplasm? |
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Definition
| Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Basophils |
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Term
| Function of red blood cells |
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Definition
| The primary function of is to carry oxygen from the lungs to the tissues around your body. As a secondary function, they are also a key player in getting waste carbon dioxide from your tissues to your lungs, where it can be breathed out. |
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Term
| Technical name for white blood cells |
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Definition
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Term
| General functions of white blood cells |
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Definition
| responsible for killing virus infected cells, consuming our own dead cells in the blood stream, coagulating blood in the case of open wounds/bleeds, producing antibodies that provide protection against virus and bacteria, and in certain cases helps kill off tumor cells as well. |
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Term
| Technical name for red blood cells |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| any rhythm disorder with a heart rate less than 60 beats per minute. |
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Term
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Definition
| most common cardiac arrhythmia (irregular heart beat). It may cause no symptoms, but it is often associated with palpitations, fainting, chest pain, or congestive heart failure. |
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Term
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Definition
| a disease in the electrical system of the heart. |
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Term
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Definition
| or blood clot, is the final product of the blood coagulation step in hemostasis. |
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Term
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Definition
| any detached, traveling intravascular mass (solid, liquid, or gaseous) carried by circulation, which is capable of clogging arterial capillary beds (create an arterial occlusion) at a site distant from its point of origin. |
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Term
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Definition
| a blockage of the main artery of the lung or one of its branches by a substance that has travelled from elsewhere in the body through the bloodstream (embolism). |
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Term
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Definition
| arteries are veins that have become enlarged and tortuous. |
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Term
| the path that a blood cell would travel from the body through the heart, and back to the body. |
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Definition
veins (from organs) -> right atrium -> right ventricle -> pulmonary arteries -> capillaries in the lungs -> pulmonary veins -> left atrium -> left
ventricle -> aorta -> arteries (to organs) -> arterioles -> capillaries -> veins |
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Term
| which regions carry oxygenated blood |
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Definition
| veins (from organs) -> right atrium -> right ventricle -> pulmonary arteries -> capillaries in the lungs |
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Term
| which regions carry deoxygenated blood |
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Definition
pulmonary veins -> left atrium -> left
ventricle -> aorta -> arteries (to organs) -> arterioles -> capillaries -> veins |
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