Term
| C6H12O6 + 6O2 ---> 6H2O + 6CO2 + energy |
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Definition
| Glucose catabolic reaction |
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Term
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Definition
| Catabolism is _____. ____% of energy liberated during breakdown of organic comounds is lost as ____ |
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Term
| heat loss and heat production (metabolism) |
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Definition
| To maintain temp, body must balance ___ |
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Term
1. Conduction - thermal energy goes down conc. gradient via contact b/w 2 surfaces 2. Convection - transfer of energy b/w object and medium, and then movement of medium away to restore original conc gradient 3. Radiation - hot objs radiate heat to cooler ones 4. Evaporation - energy is spent to convert sweat to vapor (salts are also lost) |
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Definition
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Term
| Basal metabolic rate (BMR) |
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Definition
| Minimal level of heat production |
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Term
1. Nonshivering - increase Na/K pumping via thyroxine 2. Shivering - rhythmical stimulation of different motor units such that overall muscle contraction is minimized. Antagonistic pairs etc Under hypothalamic control 1. peripheral receptors 2. central receptors |
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Definition
In cold climates, two forms of thermogenesis: These are controlled by ____ and 2 types or receptors: |
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Term
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Definition
| Fibrous covering of kidney |
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Term
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Definition
| Medial entry area of renal artery, vein, lymphatics, nerves, and ureteral system |
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Term
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Definition
| Outer portion of renal tissue containing corpuscles, proximal and distal tubules, and outer portions of loops of Henle and collecting ducts |
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Term
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Definition
| Inner portion of renal tissue containing inner parts of loops of Henle and collecting ducts |
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Term
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Definition
Groups (7-15) of nephritic tissue in the shape of inverted cones |
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Term
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Definition
| Area b/w adjacent pyramids through which interlobar blood vessels pass |
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Term
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Definition
| Innermost portion of each pyramid that protrudes into the minor calyces |
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Term
1. Minor calyces - from collecting ducts in papillae 2. Major calyces - from 2 or more minor calyces 3. Renal pelvis - from the 4-8 major calyces 4. Ureter - conducts urine from renal pelvis to urinary bladder |
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Definition
| Parts of the urinary tract and where they collect urine from |
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Term
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Definition
| Vasculature that passes b/w the renal pyramids |
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Term
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Definition
| Vasculature that interconencts interlobar vessels at junction of medulla and cortex |
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Term
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Definition
| Vasculature that protrudes into cortex from arcuate vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| Vasculature that directs blood to each glomerulus |
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Term
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Definition
| Site of filtration that forms urine |
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Term
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Definition
| Receives blood from glomerulus; used to control pressure in capillaries and blood flow |
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Term
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Definition
| Vasculature that surround tubules; reabsorb fluids and solutes |
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Term
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Definition
| Vasculature that returns blood to interlobular veins |
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Term
| Renal corpuscle and renal tubules |
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Definition
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Term
1. glomerulus - tuft of leaky capillaries that lose plasma (filtrate) 2. Bowman's capsule - surrounds glomerulus; acts as collecting chamber for glomerular filtrate |
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Definition
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Term
1. proximal tubule - in cortex, convoluted; collects fluid from Bowman's capsule 2. Loop of Henle - long tubular loop that conducts fluid from proximal tubule into medulla and then back into cortex 3. Distal tubule - in cortex; mostly convoluted; receives fluid from loop of Henle and passes it to collecting ducts |
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Definition
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Term
1. Collecting ducts - conduct fluid from distal tubules in cortex thru renal pyramids in medulla and empty into minor calyces at tipsof papillae 2. Calyces, renal pelvies, ureters |
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Definition
| Collecting apparatus of kidneys |
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Term
1. Pores in glomerular capillaries 2. Basement membrane - glycoproteins and negative charge 3. Visceral layer of Bowman's capsule - podocytes (foot cells) and pedicels (footplates) - interdigitate to form a sieve |
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Definition
| Elements of glomerular filtration |
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Term
1. Blood pressure (ultratfiltration) 2. Net filtration pressue = (blood pressure - osmotic back pressure) = 10 mmHg |
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Definition
| Driving forces behin glomerular filtration (2) |
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Term
115-125 ml/min 180 L (45 gallons)/day 5 liters 40 mins 99% |
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Definition
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is ____ ml/min ___L (___ gallons)/day blood vol = ___ L Total blood volume is filtered every ____ mins ___% of filtrate is reabsorbed |
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Term
Sympathetic innervation of afferent arteriole sympathetic activity = vasoconstriction = reduce GFR a. BP fall in glomerulus (less ultrafiltration) b. Blood flow slows, so more time for osmotic back flow |
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Definition
___ regulates GFR Increase in ____ = _____ = _____ Results in: (2) |
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