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BIOL 224
Jackson Lecture Exam 1
62
Biology
Undergraduate 2
09/15/2010

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Term
cardiovascular system
Definition
transportation system, heart, blood vessels
Term
hydrostatic pressure
Definition
physical pressure on fluid, measured in mmHg
Term
Boil's Law
Definition
V1P1=V2P2
Term
pulmonary artery
Definition
vessel carrying unoxygenated blood away from heart to lungs
Term
pulmonary vein
Definition
vessel carrying oxygenated blood to heart from lungs
Term
systemic artery
Definition
vessel carrying oxygenated blood from heart to the rest of the body
Term
systemic vein
Definition
vessel carrying unoxygenated blood back to the heart from the rest of the body
Term
vena cava
Definition
area between systemic veins and right atrium
Term
right atrium
Definition
chamber where blood first enters the heart from the vena cava
Term
right atrioventricular valve
Definition
valve between right atrium and right ventricle, also known as the tricuspid valve, hyaline cartilage electrically isolates atrium from ventricle
Term
right ventricle
Definition
chamber where unoxygenated blood enters after being pumped from the right atrium
Term
pulmonary semilunar valve
Definition
valve opening to the pulmonary trunk of the pulmonary veins from the right venrticle
Term
left atrium
Definition
chamber where oxygenated blood enters the heart from the pulmonary veins
Term
left atrioventricular valve
Definition
valve between left atrium and left ventricle, also known as bicuspid valve or mitral valve, hyaline cartilage ring that electrically isolates the left atrium from the left ventricle
Term
left ventricle
Definition
chamber where oxygenated blood enters after being pumped in by the left atrium
Term
aortic semilunar valve
Definition
valve opening to the aorta from the left ventricle
Term
endocardium
Definition
thin layer of epithelium lining the chambers of the heart
Term
myocardium
Definition
later of cardiac muscle in the wall of the hearts chambers
Term
epicardium
Definition
layer of connective tissue surrounding the myocardium
Term
pericardium
Definition
cavity which the heart grows into like a fist pushing into a water balloon, filled with serous fluid
Term
visceral serous pericardium
Definition
part of the pericardium which is somewhat fused to the epicardium
Term
parietal serous pericardium
Definition
part of the pericardium facing the fibrous pericardium
Term
fibrous pericardium
Definition
tough layer of connective tissue surrounding the entire heart containing collegen fibers
Term
pericarditis
Definition
irritation in the pericardium can lead to increased serous fluid and inflammation which will cause pressure as a result of the non stretchy fibrous pericardium, can be fatal
Term
SA node
Definition
sino atrial node, pacemaker of the heart
Term
internodal pathways
Definition
conducting cells between SA node and AV node
Term
AV node
Definition
atrioventricular node, causes a slight delay in the contraction impulse between atrium and ventricle to ensure atrium contracts first
Term
AV bundle
Definition
bundle of fibers running through the interventricular septum from the AV node to the right and left bundle branches
Term
bundle branches
Definition
fibers running up the walls of the right and left ventricle
Term
perkinji fibers
Definition
fibers extending from the right and left bundle branches
Term
interatrial septum
Definition
cardiac tissue between right and left atrium
Term
interventricular septum
Definition
cardiac tissue between right and left ventricle
Term
foramen ovale
Definition
pathway between right and left atrium fused shortly before birth
Term
fossa ovale
Definition
remainence of the closing of foramen ovale
Term
EKG or ECG
Definition
electro cardio gram
Term
P wave
Definition
reflects atrial depolarization
Term
QRS complex
Definition
reflects ventricular depolarization
Term
T wave
Definition
reflects ventricular repolarization
Term
diastole
Definition
lowest pressure, ventricular filling
Term
systole
Definition
highest pressure, ventricular ejection
Term
EDV
Definition
end diastolic volume - volume of blood in ventricle at end of diastole
Term
ESV
Definition
end systolic volume - volume of blood in ventricle at end of ejection
Term
SV
Definition
stroke volume - # of mL/beat pumped (EDV-ESV)
Term
HR
Definition
heart rate - beats/min
Term
CO
Definition
cardiac output - amount of blood pumped per minute (HR x SV)
Term
tunica interna
Definition
tunica intema, innermost later of blood vessel walls
Term
tunica media
Definition
smooth muscle just outside tunica interna, thicker on arteries than on veins
Term
tunica externa
Definition
tunica adventitia, connective tissue, contains capillaries which provide blood supply to vessels
Term
vascular compliance
Definition
blood vessels response to change in pressure - arteries have low vascular compliance, veins have high vascular compliance
Term
continuous capillaries
Definition
tight, no pores
Term
fenestrated capillaries
Definition
small holes or pores like the choroid plexus
Term
sinusoid capillaries
Definition
bigger, large holes, large enough for proteins and bacteria to move through like lymph capillaries
Term
BHP
Definition
blood hydrostatic pressure - out
Term
IFHP
Definition
interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure - in
Term
BOP
Definition
blood osmotic pressure - in
Term
IFOP
Definition
interstitial fluid osmotic pressure - out
Term
NFP
Definition
net filtration pressure - (out - in) or (BHP+IFOP) - (BOP+IFHP) - only 85% of fluid returns to system
Term
lymph capillaries
Definition
capillaries that drain excess fluid back to bloodstream through sinusoid capillaries
Term
lymph nodes
Definition
reticular fiber that filters lymph fluid before returning it to the blood stream
Term
precapillary sphincter
Definition
controls BHP on capillaries - constriction decreases BHP, dialation increases BHP
Term
edema
Definition
excess interstitial fluid build up - causes: increased BHP, decreased BOP, increased cap. perm (inflam response- allows protien out of blood), decreased lymph drainage
Term
thouroughfare channel
Definition
capillary that has no precapillary sphincter
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