Term
|
Definition
| process of change that has transformed life on earth from it's earlierst beginnings to the diversity of organisms living on earth today. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many themes are there? Name them. |
|
Definition
| Seven. 1. Evolution , 2. organisms interact with their environment exchanging matter and energy, 3. Structure and function are correlated at all levels of biological organization. 4. Cells are an organism's basic units of structure and function. 5. The continuity of life is based on heritable information in the form of DNA. 6. Feedback mechanisms regulate biological systems. 7. new properties emerge at each level in the biological hierarchy |
|
|
Term
| Explain evolution, biology's core theme |
|
Definition
| Life has been evolving for billions of years, resulting in a vast diversity of past and present organisms, ande many shared features as well. |
|
|
Term
| Explain: New properties emerge at each level in the biological hierarchy. Name the different levels of biological organization. |
|
Definition
From the microscopic level to the world as a whole. And from the world as a whole to the microscopic level.
1. Biosphere
2. Ecosystems
3. Communities
4. Populations
5. Organisms
6. Organs and Organ systems
7. Tissues
8. Cells
9. Organelles
10. Molecules |
|
|
Term
| What are emergent properties? |
|
Definition
| properties present at one level that aren't present at another. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An approach to studying biology that aims to model the dynamic behavior of whole biological systems. |
|
|
Term
| Organisms interact witht heir environments, exchanging matter and energy |
|
Definition
| Organisms both take energy from the environment, and give it back in some form or another |
|
|
Term
| What does ecosystem dynamics involve? |
|
Definition
| The cycling of nutrients and one way flow of energy from sunlight to producers to consumers. |
|
|
Term
| What is energy conversion? |
|
Definition
| Transfer of one type of energy to another. |
|
|
Term
| Explain: Structure and function are correlated at all levels of the organization |
|
Definition
| How a device works is correlated with it's structure. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| type of cell with a membrane enclosed nucleus and membrane enclosed organelles. Organisms with eukaryotic cells (protists, plants, fungii, and animals) are called eukaryotes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of cell lacking a membrane enclosed nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles. Organisms with prokaryotic cells (bacteria and archaea) are called prokaryotes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (deoxyribonucleic acid). It's the substance of genes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unit of inheritance that transmits information from parents to offspring |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the entire library of genetic instructions that an organism gets |
|
|
Term
| What are two useful systems for the molecular level of systems biology. Explain. |
|
Definition
| "high thoroughput technology" (tools that can analyze data rapidly and output high amounts of technology) and "bioinformatics" (use of computational tools to store, organize, and analyze the huge volume of data that results from high-thoroughput methods. |
|
|
Term
| Explain: feedback mechanisms regulate biological systems |
|
Definition
| supply-demand economics of energy. When you exercise, your muscle cells increase consumption of sugar molecules. When you rest, surplus sugar is converted to storage. |
|
|
Term
| What is negative feedback? |
|
Definition
| accumulation of an end product of a process slows that process. (if you have too much of something, make less) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| end product of a process speeds up it's production. (if you have a lot of something, you need more) |
|
|
Term
| What are the three domains of life? |
|
Definition
| Domain bacteria, domain archaea, and domain eukarya |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| diverse, widespread, prokaryotic. Divided upon multiple kingdoms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| all eukaryotic chromosomes (plants, fungi, animals) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| live in extreme environments. Prokaryotic organisms. |
|
|
Term
| Theory of natural selection |
|
Definition
1. Contemporary species rose from a succession of ancestors.
2. Indivuduals within a population vary in their traits (many of which seem to be heritable, a population produces much more offspring than will survive, and species generally suit their environments.
3. Individuals with inherited traits that are best suited for the natural environment are more likely to reproduce and survive than less fit indivuduals. |
|
|
Term
| diagrams of evolutionary relationships are usually in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| search for information and explaination. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| describes natural structures and processes as accurately as possible through careful observation and analysis of data. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| deriving genrealizations from a large number of specific observations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| proposing and testing of hypothetical situations. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| opposite flows in opposite direction, from general to specific. (If all organisms are made from cells, and humans are organisms, then humans are made from cells) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| testible and falsifyable. |
|
|
Term
| experiments must be designated to demonstrate the effect of one variable by testing control groups that differ by _________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why cant science test supernatural phenomena? |
|
Definition
| hypothesis must be testible and falsifiable and observations/results must be repeatable. |
|
|
Term
| A scientific theory is _____ in scopw, generates new __________, and is supported by a large body of _______. |
|
Definition
| broad, hypothesis, evidence |
|
|
Term
| ______ of ideas, structures, and processes help us understand scientific phenomena and make predictions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Science is a ______ activity characterized by ______ and _____/ |
|
Definition
| social, cooperation, competition |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A method or device that applies scientific knowledge for some specific purpose. |
|
|
Term
| What is a controlled experiment? |
|
Definition
| compares an experimental group with a control group. |
|
|
