Term
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Definition
| the genetic and resulting phenotypic changes of a population from one generation to the next |
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Term
| 5 ways to observe evolutionary relationships |
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Definition
| fossil records; morphological comparisons; behaviour; mlclr analysis; developmental |
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Term
| Why is choking so common in humans? |
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Definition
| b/c oesophagus and air tract connected. this is an evolutionary artifact from common ancestor ACANTHOSTEGA |
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Term
| One instance where mlclr analysis has aided in our understanding of evolutionary relationships is in the case of ____. It was discovered that ____ |
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Definition
| neanderthals and humans; fragments of neanderthal DNA in humans of non-african descent ...therefore, humans and neanderthals interbred |
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Term
| ___% of neanderthal DNA has been sequenced; DNA from _____ was used. It was _____ years old |
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Definition
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Term
| 2 leading theories of the origin of life on earth are: |
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Definition
| 1. extraterrestrial; 2. chemical evolution |
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Term
| Evidence of life originating from extraterrestrial source: |
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Definition
| presence of building blocks of life in meteors |
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Term
| Evidence of life originating from chemical evolution: |
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Definition
| Millery and Urey experiment in 1950 that demonstrated the synthesis of building blocks of life given environment of earth in prehistoric times |
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Term
| The Miller and Urey (1950) experiment began with 1. __ then 2. ___ then 3. ___ . |
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Definition
1. mimic earth's atmosphere (CH4, N2, NH3, H2, H2O, CO2)
2. zap with electricity
3. condense and analyze products |
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Term
| Miller and Urey discovered the building blocks of life in their experiment which included: |
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Definition
| 1. all 5 bases of DNA / RNA; 2. 17/20 amino acids used in protein syn; 3. 3, 6 carbon sugars |
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Term
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Definition
| 1. take early (no O2) environment, zap with lightening (forms monomers: nucleic acids; amino acids; sugars); 2. place monomers in conditions for condensation rxns (clay shores, hypothermal vents; hot pools)...forms polymers (proteins, carbs; RNA/ DNA, lipids); 3. RNA forms before DNA (simpler, catalyst); 4. lipids form bilayers; traps N. Acid; 5. self replication (N. Acids) |
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Term
| History of life on earth 30 day calendar. Last 5 seconds ___; last 5 minutes ____; 4th day___ |
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Definition
| recorded history; human life; life |
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Term
| Birth of earth ___; life ____; photosynthesis ____; eukaryotes____; muticellularity ____; cambrian explosion ____; life on land ____; human life ____ |
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Definition
| 4.5 bya; 3.8 bya; 2.5 bya; 1.5 bya; 700mya ; 542 mya; 420mya; 200 tya |
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Term
| physical changes in prehistoric earth over time __5___ |
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Definition
| 1. continental drift, 2. volcanic eruptions, meteors; 3. sea lvl changes; 4. temp changes; 5. increase O2 |
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Term
| Evolution of photosyn: __5___ |
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Definition
| 1. No O2; light splits H2O; 2. reduces CO2, forms organic prod; 3. O2 resulting = increase O2; 4. aerobic respiration = more complex life forms |
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Term
| First photosyn organism = ___. Which formed _____ |
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Definition
| cyanobacteria; stromatolites |
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Term
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Definition
| Precambrian (4.5 - 542); Paleozoic (old life) (542-251); Mesozoic (middle life) (251-61); Cenozoic (new life) (61 - pres) |
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Term
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Definition
| 1. Ordivician (marine organisms); 2. Silurian (land animals); 3. devonian (fish); 4. carboniferous (amphibians); 5. Permian (reptiles) |
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Term
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Definition
| 1.Triassic (early dinos, 1st mammals, diversifying invertebrates), 2. jurassic (angiosperms; rayfinned fishes) ; 2. cretaceous (mammals, mass extinction: dinosaurs go boom) |
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Term
| Precambrian period is characterized by: |
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Definition
| oceans; unicellularity; prokaryotes |
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Term
| Late precambrian (late 1/3 ) |
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Definition
| eukaryotes develop; ediacarian animals (soft bodied) |
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Term
| Paleozoic began with the ____ during which ____. Fossils from this period are found in __ |
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Definition
| cambrian explosion ; modern phyla developed, multicellularity; Burgess shale |
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Term
| Ordivician era characterized by ___. ended in ___ |
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Definition
| development of marine life (brachiopods, molluscs); mass extinction due to lower sea lvls, ocean temp |
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Term
| Silurian era is characterized by animals that swim but_______. ___ fish diversified. Land colonization began with ______ and ____ such as ______ |
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Definition
| feed above water; jawless; simple plants; arthropods; millipedes; scorpions |
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Term
| The Devonian era is considered the era of _____. In the ocean, fish ___3___; development of ____ and shelled _____ . On land, common were ____3_____; first ____ plants; also present were ____. Ends with a ____ |
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Definition
| fish; developed jaws; lost heavy armour; lost limbs; corals; cephalopods; ferns, horsetails, club mosses; seeded; spiders, insects; mass extinction |
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Term
| Carboniferous period = era of ___ or ____. ___ diversified. Land was dominated by large ___ filled with ____ and ____. Insects evolved ____. __ dominated oceans. ______ eggs evolved |
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Definition
| amphibians; coal; amphibians; swamps; ferns; horsetails; flight; crinoids; amniotic |
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Term
| The amniotic egg is a shelled egg with _____. It is a key adaptation for _____ b/c it ____. Membranes within the amniotic egg allowed for ___. Early amniote = ______, which were small, lungless ______ that had no _____ stage and laid eggs on/in ____ |
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Definition
| extra-embryonic membranes; life on land; overrides the need for water in generating young; gas exchange; cassinera; amphibians; larval; on land |
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Term
| The Permian era is the age of ____; reptiles dominated ___; ended with the largest extinction in history where ___% of org. became extinct; O2 concentration dropped by ___% |
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Definition
| reptiles; amphibians; 95; 50 |
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Term
| During The triassic period, _______, first _____, and the diversification of _____ occurred. It ended with a mass extinction where ___% of org. went extinct |
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Definition
| early dinosaurs; mammals; insects; 65 |
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Term
| Predators during the Jurassic period were _____. During this period, ______ reptiles such as the _____ appeared. First evidence of ____ plants. Radiation of _____ finned fishes |
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Definition
| dinosaurs; flying; pterosaur; flowering; ray |
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Term
| During the cretateous period, ___ continued to diversify; first ___ appeared; ___ radiated, but most were ___. Mass extinction occurs at the end: evidence of the event include: ___2___ |
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Definition
| dinosaurs; snakes; mammals; small; 1. crater off yucatan; 2. high concentration of iridium |
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Term
| The Cenozoic era is the era of ____. It begins with a ___ from the mass exctinction. During this period = radiation of ___3___ including hominids (such as ____) |
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Definition
| mammals; recovery; 1. birds; 2. angiosperms; 3. mammals; ape, man |
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