Term
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Definition
| Pol III; comes in right after replication to fix errors. Could not come in later b/c wouldn't be able to distinguish between old and new strand. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pol I; Base excision repair removes just the damaged base; Nucleotide excision repair removes and replaces a small stretch of nucleotides |
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Term
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Definition
| Done by photoylases, which are not present in placental mammals |
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Term
| Recombinational DNA Repair (8) |
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Definition
| Fixes damage found at replication forks (in bacteria) |
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Term
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Definition
| Pol IV and V; put in nucleotides without having to match the template strand. |
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Term
| 2 Types of DNA Damage (8) |
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Definition
1) Hydrolytic damage of the nucleotide that removes the base
2) Spontaneous deamination of C that results in Uracil
3) Depurination that results in deletion mutants |
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Term
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Definition
| Involves Salmonella bacteria that are mutated so that they cannot produce histidine on their own, even though they cannot live without it Mutagen soaked disk introduced. W/o histidine only bacteria that have mutated to gain the ability to produce their own histidine will survive. |
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Term
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Definition
| Removes the uracil from DNA resulting from the spontaneous deamination of cytosine |
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Term
| Apurinic Endonuclease (8) |
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Definition
| Cleaves out damaged bases (after Uracil Glycolase removes a misplaced Uracil, for example) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Dimer formed when carbon bonds between neighboring pyrimidine bases covalently link; caused by exposure to UV light; results in buldge or kink in DNA |
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Term
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Definition
| Performs direct repair; breaks covalent bonds between neighboring pyrimidine bases in a cyclobutane dimer in BACTERIA |
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Term
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Definition
| breaks covalent bonds between neighboring pyrimidine bases in a cyclobutane dimer in HUMANS; binds to the region and excises a piece of DNA that includes the damaged region; DNA polymerase e fills in the gap |
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Term
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Definition
| breaks covalent bonds between neighboring pyrimidine bases in a cyclobutane dimer in HUMANS; binds to the region and excises a piece of DNA that includes the damaged region; DNA polymerase e fills in the gap; works in bacteria, but only cleaves 13 bp around the region |
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Term
| Translesional DNA Synthesis (8) |
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Definition
| method of repairing heavy DNA damage ( unrepaired lesions); polymerases synthesize the lesional region; the error prone polymerases introduce errors but still better than broken chromosome |
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Term
| Translesional Synthesis Polymerases (8) |
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Definition
| Pol IV or V; perform error-prone repair in the case of lesions in DNA |
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Term
| 3 Funtions of Genetic Recombination (8) |
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Definition
1)enhance genetic diversity
2)ensure orderly segregation of chromosomes in the first meiotic division (eukaryotes)
3) contribute to several types if DNA damage repair |
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Term
| Mechanism of Genetic Recombination (8) |
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Definition
1)double strand break must be present
2)5'-3' exonuclease exposes the 3' ends
3) exposed 3' end looks for homologous regions on other chromosomes and invades that duplex
4)DNA polymerase extends the 3' segment resulting in a DNA molecule with 2 Hilliday junctions
5) Further replication replaces missing DNA |
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Term
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Definition
| junction between invading and invaded segment in recombination; cleaved by Resolvase to create non-crossover product or Crossover Recombination |
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Term
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Definition
| The enzyme that cleaves the Holliday Junction to allow for recombination to complete |
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