Term
| How are chromosomes distinguished in human karyotype? |
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Definition
| length and location of centromere |
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Term
| Define acrocentric chromosomes |
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Definition
| centromeres at end of chromosome |
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Term
Importance of groups D and G of chromosomes |
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Definition
These groups are capable of havin translocations due to their acrocentric chromosome nature |
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Term
| Process of Giemsa banding |
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Definition
chromosomes treated with trypsin to digest proteins Giemsa stain each chromosome will stain a characteristic pattern (light and dark) correlate with underlying DNA sequence
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Term
| During what phase of mitosis do chromosomes become visible under the light microscope |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
fluid and dynamic when fully condenses, DNA is 1/10000 of its fully extended state when reveal bands, as many as 1000 can be recognized
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Term
| During meiosis, how is the chrom. number reduced in half? |
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Definition
paring of homologes in prophase and by their segregation into different cells at anaphase |
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Term
| Importance of recombination |
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Definition
ensures proper segregation during meiosis, and if done improperly, can get chromosome missegregation in meiosis I (Down's syndrome) |
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Term
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Definition
stain with quinacrine mustard or related compounds examine with fluorescence microscopy chromosomes appear with bright and dim bands bright Q bands correspond almost exactly to dark bands after G banding
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Term
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Definition
special treatment (ex: heating) before staining results in dark in light bads that are teh reverse of those produced by G or Q bands
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Term
| Define metacentric crhomosomes |
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Definition
| centromeres are in center with arms of equal length |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Robertsonian translocation |
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Definition
| loss of p arms in acrocentric chromosomes that does not have phenotypic effect (appear as balanced phenotype) |
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Term
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Definition
| examine presence/absence of particular DNA sequence or to evalutate number or organization of chromosome or chromosome region |
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Term
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Definition
| small distinctive masses of chromatin seen on acrocentric chromosomes that are attached to the short arms by narrow stalks (secondary constrictions) |
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Term
| What do satellite genes code for? |
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Definition
| rRNA (major component of ribosomes) |
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Term
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Definition
assess relative copy number of genomic DNA sequences in a comprehensive, genome-wide manner using microarrays to detect microdeletions and microduplications associated with disorders ID copy number polymorphisms or variants can be IDed
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